Building and Sustaining School culture Research Paper - 1

Building and Sustaining School culture - Research Paper Example What's more, it additionally examines the natural speculations held by staff individuals intelligent to the traditions of schools. Making attention to culture inside school settings can trigger researchers and mentors to take on undertakings that advance development. A school is an association that has its own standards, qualities and standards. Culture is certifiably not a recognizable part of a school setting. A school culture encases instructors building up their mentalities and affecting their decisions and deeds. Culture controls all features of a school, just as such angles as teacher’s dressing, what the educators talk about during their breaks, how the instructors adorn their study halls and the teacher’s weight on unmistakable aspects of the program of study. This exploration paper will concentrate on the elements that can help in building and supporting school culture inside school settings and organizations and the key players. Sarason (1996) alludes culture inside a school setting as the allowance of faith based expectations and qualities reasonable among the school chiefs in guiding the school, and deciphered by the understudies into appropriate leads and defensively covered through establishment of control. School societies are framed and changed after some time. Obviously, there is an expansive correspondence among creators and researchers on how school societies responds to and duplicates network characteristics held by the understudies. Hence, school culture can be communicated as the air we relax. It is not really perceptible. In addition, it additionally exemplifies the characteristics and estimations of its pioneers (Sarason, 1996). School culture is a unique perspective that is constantly â€Å"being built and formed through dealings with other and replications on life and the world in general† (Sarason, 1996, p 27). Culture in school develops as â€Å"teachers partner with one another, understudies and the community† (Barth, 1990, p. 123).Sarason (1996) contends that it â€Å"becomes the guide for conduct shared among individuals from the school at large†

2.Housing association governance puts the interests of the Essay

2.Housing affiliation administration places the interests of the association over those of inhabitants. Examine - Essay Example is network flaunts that they have pushed forward of government by having the option to uphold these limitations through the agreements marked by the mortgage holders that in the open part may cross paths with protected limitations and legal restrictions. This specific situation underscores a measurement in lodging affiliations †regardless of whether its organization places the interests of the association over those of its occupants. The very name, lodging affiliation, is misdirecting. Lodging affiliations or property holders affiliations are frequently not relationship in the feeling of a statement of organisc life as the focal point of shared discernments and regular exercises, nor, much of the time, are they constrained by mortgage holders. Nathaniel Gates (1997) contended that the occupants of these networks, drawn from a wide range of foundations, frequently share little for all intents and purpose, and the designer about outright authority over the network. (p. 253) In a way, lodging affiliations turned into a type of private governments that might one be able to day dominate urban areas in criticalness. The standards of the lodging affiliations, no not as much as urban communities, characterize political circles. An affiliation, similar to any network with the ability to save and sustain itself, is coercive. This paper will contend that in view of this reality, it must attest its own advantages against the interests both of pariahs and, on occasion, of its very own portion individuals. The fundamental thought for a home relationship with regular proprietorship and upkeep of open space began with Leicester Square in London in 1734, which was represented by prohibitive contracts. The lawful idea was traded to the New World when in 1831, Samuel Ruggles depleted a bog in New York City and constructed a square of homes around a recreation center. This people group was known as the Gramercy Park and it comprised an eight-foot high fence. Every inhabitant had a key to an entryway in the fence for get to. The occupants held title to the recreation center in trust. These gated or purported garden networks didn't generally turn into

Blog Archive Prepare for Your HBS Interview with a Former HBS Interviewer

Blog Archive Prepare for Your HBS Interview with a Former HBS Interviewer Devi Vallabhaneni, mbaMission’s HBS Interviewer in Residence One of the most critical steps in the MBA application process is the interview, and none is more legendaryâ€"or stress inducingâ€"than Harvard Business School’s (HBS’s). The HBS interview is particularly fast-paced and can cover a wide range of topics, all based on your specific application and personal story. It is designed to help the admissions representative get to know the real you. Devi Vallabhaneni, a veteran admissions interviewer with years of experience interviewing hundreds of HBS candidates and mbaMission’s new HBS Interviewer in Residence, emphasizes how much preparation goes into an HBS interview. “Your submitted HBS application includes so many different elementsâ€"your essay, your short answers, your transcripts, your letters of recommendation… I review everything extensively so that during our interview, I already know your story and can push deeper into the areas that interest me. You’ve worked so hard to show HBS who you are through your application; the interview reflects this same intensity back to you.” Although the HBS admissions interview is specialized and unpredictable, Devi asserts that preparing for it is still both important and possible, and she encourages candidates to take steps to ready themselves for this pivotal discussion. “In just 30 minutes, even though you have no control over the questions, you have to convey the kind of HBS student and future leader you will be. To prepare, make sure that you know everything you submitted in your application. This sounds elementary, but I have seen people forget details about their own experiences! Practicing ahead of time is more than worth your while.” With that in mind, starting this fall, Devi will be offering intensive interview simulations in New York City and online via webcam to help HBS applicants prepare for the real thing. She will also hold an HBS Interview Workshop exclusively for mbaMission Complete “Start-to-Finish” Package clients. The live interview simulation includes Two 30-minute mock interviews. Devi will spend several hours reviewing your written application, following the same process she used when conducting candidate interviews for HBS. Then, she will interview you, enabling you to experience the free-flowing, dynamic, and personalized nature of an HBS interview. Personalized feedback. After each interview, Devi will provide you with targeted feedback and coaching, talking you through her impressions and offering strategic advice for improving your HBS interview skills. Reflection period. Between interviews, you will have time to internalize Devi’s feedback and prepare accordingly before trying again in a second, customized interview. For more information and to secure your spot, please visit our HBS Intensive Interview Simulation page. Current mbaMission Complete “Start-to-Finish” Package clients are eligible for a $500 discount for the HBS Intensive Interview Simulation and will be invited to participate in the exclusive HBS Interview Workshop with Devi if they are invited to interview at HBS. Share ThisTweet Business School Harvard University (Harvard Business School) Interviews Managing the MBA Interview Blog Archive Prepare for Your HBS Interview with a Former HBS Interviewer Devi Vallabhaneni, mbaMission’s HBS Interviewer in Residence One of the most critical steps in the MBA application process is the interview, and none is more legendaryâ€"or stress inducingâ€"than Harvard Business School’s (HBS’s). The HBS interview is particularly fast-paced and can cover a wide range of topics, all based on your specific application and personal story. It is designed to help the admissions representative get to know the real you. Devi Vallabhaneni, a veteran admissions interviewer with years of experience interviewing hundreds of HBS candidates and mbaMission’s HBS Interviewer in Residence, emphasizes how much preparation goes into an HBS interview. “Your submitted HBS application includes so many different elementsâ€"your essay, your short answers, your transcripts, your letters of recommendation… I review everything extensively so that during our interview, I already know your story and can push deeper into the areas that interest me. You’ve worked so hard to show HBS who you are through your application; the interview reflects this same intensity back to you.” Although the HBS admissions interview is specialized and unpredictable, Devi asserts that preparing for it is still both important and possible, and she encourages candidates to take steps to ready themselves for this pivotal discussion. “In just 30 minutes, even though you have no control over the questions, you have to convey the kind of HBS student and future leader you will be. To prepare, make sure that you know everything you submitted in your application. This sounds elementary, but I have seen people forget details about their own experiences! Practicing ahead of time is more than worth your while.” With that in mind, this winter, Devi will be offering intensive interview simulations online via webcam to help HBS applicants prepare for the real thing. She will also hold an HBS Interview Workshop exclusively for mbaMission Complete “Start-to-Finish” Package clients. The live interview simulation includes Two or three 30-minute interview experiences customized to your application. Before your first session, Devi will spend several hours reviewing your written application, following the same process she used when conducting candidate interviews for HBS. This allows her to target her questions based on what she discovers about you from your application. Personalized feedback. After each interview session, Devi will provide you with targeted feedback, talking you through her impressions and offering strategic advice for improving your HBS interview skills. Reflection period. You will have time between your interview sessions with Devi so that you can internalize the feedback and adjust accordingly before trying again. For more information and to secure your spot, please visit our HBS Intensive Interview Simulation page. Share ThisTweet Application Tips Business School Harvard University (Harvard Business School) Interviews Managing the MBA Interview

Essay Character Analysis of Okonkwo in Things Fall Apart

In the novel Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo is portrayed as a respected and determined individual whose fatal flaw eventually works against him. Throughout the novel the readers are shown that Okonkwo has many of these Characteristics because he is obsessed with the idea of becoming just like his father. This becomes his flaw in the novel that puts him into exile and makes it hard for him to adjust to the changes that were made with in his village. Okonkwo is portrayed as a respected individual in many ways. He was a well known person through out the 9 villages and beyond. His successes were based wholly on his personal achievements. For example, he was a warrior and wrestler who gained respect through his athletics. Manliness was a†¦show more content†¦He wanted to show that he was not like his father in any way. His father was a poor, lazy, man whom he didnt respect at all. Okonkwo gained respect through being a clansman. The clansmen were the law making body of the village, which everyone had obeyed. They enforced rules and laid down punishment. Determination is one of Okonkwos most outstanding characteristics. Because of his undying obsession to be unlike his father, Okonkwo is determined to be exactly what is father is not. Since childhood, Okonkwo has been ashamed of his father, because according to the clansmen Okonkwos father did not meet the standards that the men of that time should have met. Unoka, Okonkwos father, never had a real job/title. He didnt become a warrior because he hated the sight of blood, which according to their society made him a coward. He often borrowed money from the clan, and hardly repaid them the loan. However, he was not a complete waste of a person, he was talented in music and conversation, and was also thought to be a gentle person. As we see in the novel, Okonkwo was very much the opposite of his father. He had a job/title, he had a large family, he was a warrior, and he never needed to borrow excessive amounts of money from the clan. All of Unokas Characteristics, even the good ones, Okonkwo didnt want to possess them. It was his ignorance along with his flaw that led him to his ultimate fall. Okonkwos flaw eventually worked against him. When OkonkwoShow MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart: Okonkwo Character Analysis Essay856 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel Things Fall Apart, strength and pride are very important aspects of the main character, Okonkwo, however, these traits may sound like excellent traits to possess but because of the way he was raised, Okonkwo harbours many of his emotions under an outer shell of violence, strength and pride. His traits can be shown by looking at where he has come from in his life, for example, Okonkwo has acquired a large amount of wealth in his life because of his hard work and dedication which he alsoRead MoreWork1068 Words   |  5 Pages2013 Things Fall Apart: Character Analysis Research Paper In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the main character Okonkwo has only one tragic flaw; he has raised himself so that looking weak or effeminate is the worst thing to him that he could do. Okonkwo is a model clansman based on his success. However, he is more alienated from his culture based on his lack of respect for it. In this research paper, I’ll walk through a character analysis of Okonkwo. The protagonist of Things FallRead MoreThe Struggle Between Tradition and Change1056 Words   |  5 PagesENGL 2112 October 17, 2012 In Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timelessRead MoreAnalysis Of Feminism In Things Fall Apart1070 Words   |  5 Pages The analysis of feminist theory in Things Fall Apart presents reason for the sexism that is continuously portrayed. Sexism and problematic gender roles within the novel are repeatedly depicted throughout a number of scenes and characters. With this, we are able to see how sexism exists in various cultures and how the implementation of sexism is detrimental to society. Although, as feminist theory states, rebelling and challenging the patriarchal syste m is necessary to halt gender roles and sexualRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1719 Words   |  7 PagesThings fall apart is a classic novel written around the turn of the century, the novel focuses on the protagonist who we can also call a hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo is a wealthy and respected leader within the Igbo tribe of Umuofia in eastern Nigeria. Strong individual with a passionate belief in all the values and traditions of his people. Chinua Achebe presents Okonkwo as a particular kind of tragic protagonist, a great man who carries the fate of his people. Okonkwo is a man who is inflexible andRead MoreThings Fall Apart Biblical Style Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesChinua Achebe in his novel, Things Fall Apart, writes in a way that Erich Auerbach would describe as biblical style. Biblical style involves suspense, biblical allusions, the ambiguity of purpose, and gaps leading to interpretation. Achebe uses this biblical style to focus on the downfall of Okonkwo, the m ain character. One passage that exemplifies this biblical style is in Part One with Okonkwo in the sacrifice of his adopted son, Ikemefuna. Okonkwo kills Ikemefuna out of fear of what the otherRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1308 Words   |  6 PagesIn Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timeless struggles that appeal to every humanRead MoreCharacter Analysis Okonkwo705 Words   |  3 PagesThings Fall Apart- Okonkwo In the novel †Things Fall Apart,† by Chinua Achebe, Okonkwo is a character who shows the difficulty of staying true and saving his religion. Okonkwo is a very strong man. At times he may be very stubborn, like most men. With many occasions he is very impatient and struggles with controlling his anger. In the book, he is exiled for seven years. During those seven years missionaries come into the village and try to make all of the Ibo tribe convert into Christianity. SinceRead MoreCharacter Analysis Okonkwo862 Words   |  4 PagesThings Fall Apart Analysis Essay Rough Draft Some characters are like oil and water, exhibiting contrasting qualities and desires. This contrast stems from the contemptuous relationship these characters have, which drives a character’s actions and emotions. For example, in his novel, Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe describes Okonkwo’s contemptuous relationship with his father to show its effect on Okonkwo’s character and his actions. Achebe included Okonkwo’s relationship with Unoka to shape OkonkwoRead MoreEssay on Investigating Why the Book is Entitled Things Fall Apart1149 Words   |  5 PagesTitle Analysis of Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart I believe that the title Things Fall Apart refers to the fact that without proper balance, things do fall apart. The notion of balance in the novel is an important theme throughout the book. Beginning with the excerpt from Yeats poem, The Second Coming, the concept of balance is stressed as important; for without balance, order is lost. In the novel, there is a system of balance, which the Ibo culture seems to depend

Prisoners Receiving Transplants - 1631 Words

As the prison population in America grows in numbers and increases in age, questions and debates about the allocation of medical resources to prisoners will grow in urgency. One issue which arises every so often is whether convicted felons, especially those who are awaiting capital punishment, should receive the same level of medical care as others in society - including scarce donor organs for the purpose of transplantation. As is often the case, the debate over whether a death row inmate should receive an organ transplant is not a single controversy, but rather several rolled into one. Being able to address the larger question requires disentangling the smaller questions and examining each in turn. What role, if any, should a person s†¦show more content†¦This represents an important shift because it eliminates many of the potential problems and dangers inherent in assessing the social and moral worth of other human beings. There is a long-recognized legal principle that w hile people who are not members of a community may deserve certain basic rights and privileges, they do not necessarily deserve all of the rights and privileges accorded to members. Thus, non-members have rights to life, liberty, free speech, etc., but they do not have the right to vote. There is very little debate over whether this principle is valid in general, but there is quite a bit of debate over just what qualifies as basic, minimum rights and privileges which everyone should have, regardless of their membership or citizenship status. This is especially true when it comes to health care because there is such a wide range of possible treatments available to people. Should prisoners receive only the very minimum necessary to keep them comfortable? Should expensive diagnostic and treatment options be made available to them? Where exactly should the line be drawn? If a prisoner does receive a lower standard of medical treatment and is later found to be innocent, what sort of responsibility do the state and society bear if he now leaves prison sicker than when he entered? Most peopleShow MoreRelatedInmates and Organ Transplants: An Ethical Dilemma Essay864 Words   |  4 Pageswrong (Judson, Harrison, 2010). With that in mind, organ transplants for inmates has become a subject in which many people are asking questions as to whether it is morally right or wrong. In the ABC News article entitled Death-Row Inmates Seeks Organ Transplant by Bryan Robinson, the issue of a death-row prisoner in Oregon, by the name of Horacio Alberto Reyes-Camarena, receiving priority over a law-abiding citizen for a kidney transplant is being addressed. The state pays for Reyes-Camarena’sRead MoreOrgan Harvesting in China Essay1401 Words   |  6 Pagesthis caption under a photo he had taken to support his article. It was reported in the article how executed prisoners had become the primary source of body organ transplants. Still to this day in China, organs are being removed from the bodies of Falun prisoners without consent from anyone, to be used as donor organs for patients in need. The moment they find someone in need, the prisoners are immediately made victims. The process works something like this: In China, the hospital notifies you inRead MoreThe Global Problem of Harveting Organs1734 Words   |  7 Pages(Hongda.) In order to buy food impoverished families only choice may be to sell their organs (Callahan.) Those who are precipitants of organs coming from Inmates are taking huge health risk. Jeff Testerman, author of â€Å"Organs of Condemned sought for Transplant†, stated â€Å"The prison population is such a high-risk group, particularly for hepatitis and AIDS.† When someone receives an organ from a donor within a prison’s walls, they are not always assured of the health security of the prisoner’s organs ofRead MoreEssay about Organ Transplants for Prisoners1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the article â€Å"Wanted, Dead or Alive? Kidney Transplants in Inmates Awaiting Execution†, Jacob M. Appel argues that, despite the criminal justice system’s view that death-row inmates deserve to die, they should be given the same opportunity to extend their life as anyone else. â€Å"The United States Supreme Court has held since 1976 that prison inmates are entitled to the same medical treatment as the free public† (645). â€Å"When it comes to healthcare, ‘bad people’ are as equal as the rest of us† (646)Read MoreOrgan Donation Case Study Essay967 Words   |  4 Pagesare used to decide which patient should receive the transplant. The purpose of this paper is to not look at the personal history of the transplant candidate, but to evaluate the medical history provided to determine which recipient would have a higher quality of life upon receiving the organ transplant. There is a critical shortage of organ donations nationwide. Healthcare providers must strictly evaluate who should receive a heart transplant (Eisen, 2017). The goal of any organ transplantationRead MoreAssignment 2 Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pagesimpose on society. A utilitarian would argue that Roche was respecting the Chinese laws by first testing the drugs on Chinese patients. One could argue that prohibiting the research that Roche was performing could inhibit future Chinese patients from receiving a drug that could be necessary to sustain life. Roche’s Cell Cept had a beneficial plan for the Chinese society in creating a drug to help sustain life or fight the disease for their specific ethnicity. As a utilitarian, finding a resolution forRead MoreOrgan Donation Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pagesitself. Because our increased life span causes more people to require a replacement organ when theirs starts to fail, the demand has far outrun the supply and the future only lo oks to get worse. â€Å"Between the years 1988 and 2006 the number of transplants doubled, but the number of patients waiting for an organ grew six times as large.† (Orentlicher, 2009) Clearly our need for organs is growing much faster than what is available. So in an effort to catch up to demand, proposals that have surfacedRead MoreThe Punishment Of The United States1669 Words   |  7 Pagesare positive matches to anyone on the donor transplant list. Longo and many others want to give their organs to save lives, why are people telling them no, just because they are inmates. The receiver of the transplant and the inmate do not have to know each other, they don’t have to know anything about each other just that they are giving and organ and the other is receiving an organ to save their life. There is a scarcity of organ donors for transplants and as it continues to grow, alternative sourcesRead MoreThe Key to Solving The American Organ Allocation Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesJustin, a South Carolina college student, died at the age of 23 while on the waiting list for a lung transplant. When Justin was three months old he was diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, a disease which affects the lungs. Throughout his childhood he coped with his illness but at the age of 20 his health took a turn for the worst. Justin was on the waiting list for two years but no lungs came available in time. Organ allocation in the United States of America has become a heavily debated subject inRead MoreShould The United States Government Offer Incentives For1415 Words   |  6 Pagesdonate and receive organs in the U.S. People from other countries can travel to the United States to receive transplants and in most religions organ and tissue donation is believed to be an act of love and giving. Ma ny people believe that they will receive poor lifesaving efforts if they are an organ donor. In fact, the transplant team is not involved in lifesaving efforts whatsoever. The transplant team is not considered or contacted until the physician has deemed that he has exhausted all possible efforts

Should Gay Marriage Be Legalized - 727 Words

Everyone, regardless of gender orientation or sexual preference deserves equal rights, such as marriage, feeling comfortable with whom they are, and being treated like any other human being. Right now gay marriage is a hot topic in many states, however, what say should the government get in who you love and want to marry? Beyond a court room, research has been done on the idea of transgenderism and what causes people to be like that or if people are truly born in the wrong body. The people who are considered â€Å"abnormal† in society actually proactively protest for equal rights for themselves. Truly though, they are still human and should not have to fight to get married or be lab rats in a scientific study. Gay marriage has come into a spot light in the past few years. Currently only 17 of the 50 states allow same-sex marriage in the United States (ProConorg Headlines). 33 states still have a ban on same sex marriage within state limits (NCSL). Massachusetts is currently on e of the states that allow marriage between 2 people of the same gender (Law Libraries). A poll taken in Massachusetts stated that 85% of people said that it had positive or no impact (NBC News Digital). This means that 2 people of the same gender who get married really has no effect on the public in a whole, which means that the government should not be making a big deal of something that has such a little impact on the public. In the Loving versus VirginiaShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legalized938 Words   |  4 Pages Gay marriage is in fact a controversial topic that many people feel strongly about. I believe that gay marriage should be legalized without being penalized by people who disagree with it. I will, within reason, explain to you why gay marriage should be legalized and argue against Karlee’s essay about why gay marriage shouldn’t be legalized. The first thing Karlee talks about in her opposing essay is, â€Å"Children of same-sex couples, biological or not, need both a mother and a father inRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?1313 Words   |  6 PagesCredit – Should gay marriage be legalized? Marriage is considered to be the rite of passage from an religious point of view, it is considered as holy matrimony before the eyes of God. Attraction between individuals of the same sex has been a topic of debate. However, over the past few years gay individuals made a decision to our grievances of oppression despite receiving tremendous critics from the public. Initially, gay marriagesRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?935 Words   |  4 PagesThere is a lot of controversy about gay marriage and whether or not it should be legalized in certain states that haven t yet legalized it. My opinion on this topic is that it should not be legalized for various reasons. My reasons on this have nothing to do with religion because religion shouldn’t have anything to do with their opinion; religion is a biased opinion because of its authenticity. Another thing that shouldn’t be considered is their opinio n that doesn’t have a reasoning behind it likeRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?1705 Words   |  7 PagesPaper Option 1 Gay marriage has and still is a huge controversy in the United States. I will say though that the U.S. has come along way when it comes to same-sex marriage. As of November 20, 2014 gay marriage is now legal in thirty-five of the fifty U.S. states. Massachusetts was the first state to legalize same-sex marriage in May of two thousand and four. As of October ninth two-thousand and fourteen, only sixteen out of one hundred and ninety-four countries allow same sex marriage. By those oddsRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legalized1379 Words   |  6 PagesName: Tutor: Course: Date: Gay Marriages Marriage is considered as hypothetically speaking, a rite of passage whilst from the religious point of view, it is considered as holy matrimony before a supreme being. Attraction between individuals of the same sex has been a topic of debate since time immemorial. However, over the past few years gay individuals have opted to air grievances of oppression despite receiving tremendous critics from the public. Initially, gay marriages were unfathomable eventsRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized? Essay1828 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction What does it mean to be gay and why does society discriminate against those who are deemed to be gay? This paper establishes that being gay is primarily based on the supposition that one is either homosexual, transgender, lesbian, or bisexual. It also establishes that one of the primary reasons why gays are discriminated against within the society is religion; that some of the views held by different religious conclaves substantiate gay rejection by the society. On a more personal ratherRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legalized1280 Words   |  5 Pagescommunity and abides by the law should be afforded the rights of an American. However, not all citizens are afforded equal rights. Gay and lesbians are consistently denied rights that are typically taken for granted by the average American. Specifically, gay and lesbians couples are denied the right to marry even if they are upstanding citizens. They are held at an unfair disadvantage solely because of their sexual orientation. This discrimination must stop because gay and lesbian couples are law-abidingRead More Should gay marriages be legalized? Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pages Should same sex marriages be legal? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Same-sex marriages have been very controversial since becoming an issue in Canada regarding the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Several people state that same-sex marriages should be legal, while others disagree, saying it should not be permitted. There have been many debates and inquiries about this issue for several years; the MP’s and Parliament will finally settle the problem within the next year or so. Many are in favourRead More Gay Marriage Should be Legalized Essays1696 Words   |  7 Pages There are numerous opinions and standing views on gay marriage. The argument regarding gay marriage should be legalized or not is extremely controversial. According to an article from the Human Rights Campaign, there is nothing wrong with allowing homosexuals to have the same rights as those who are heterosexual. Every individual person should be granted equal rights, regardless of sexuality. Gay marriage should be legalized in all states and coun tries, it has been held off for too long. MoreoverRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized? Essay464 Words   |  2 PagesMarriage is defined as the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life. In the definition it says couple, with out indication of gender. In our society gay marriage is a hot topic. Previously legalizing gay marriage was out of the question, but as times has changed and more liberal politicians have gained office to reflect the views of today’s society. One of the reasons that LGBT people fight for the right to marry because married couples receive more protections and advantages in

The Capital Structure of Entity

Question: Write an essay onThe capital structure of an entity . Answer: Introduction The capital structure of an entity presents how the entity finances its operations with the help of different sources of funds. The financial structure of an entity is the balance between all the liabilities and equity. It is the mix of long term and short term sources of funds used by a firm. It is the mix of debt and equity funds of an enterprise. It is important for an entity to have an optimal debt equity balance which generates the maximum value for the firm. The optimal debt equity mix should be such that the cost of capital for the entity is the least. The financial structure of the firm is very important, as the whole of the operations of the company is dependent on its finance (Vanderbeck, 2013). Healthy finance gives healthy and smooth functioning activities. Equity The equity capital represents the difference between value of assets and cost of liabilities. As per company accounts equity refers to shareholders equity. Equity is the cheapest source of finance. A negative equity is called as shareholders deficit. The equity shareholders of a company are the shareholders of the company who invest in the company by buying the equity shares of that company in anticipation of earning dividends. When a company is formed it needs capital in order to operate its business, so the company raises capital by issuing equity (Needles Powers, 2013). The shareholders subscribe to the share of the company and then the shares are allotted. Now, this becomes the permanent capital of the company which needs not be refunded. Only at the time of liquidation after payment of all the liabilities if any amount is left is distributed among the shareholders proportionately. The equity fund is dedicated wholly for the operations of the entity. The value creation of the shares is a source of investment appraisal for the equity shareholders. The best part of equity fund is that is has no associates costs unlike debt funds. The option to pay dividend is in the hands of the company (Vanderbeck, 2013). Even if the company earns sufficient profits the company is not obligated to pay dividends because the investors totally understand that the funds are really important for the growth of a company. Also the equity funds help to maintain the leverage of the company (Needles Powers, 2013). There is no obligation on the part of the company to pay back the funds. But the main drawbacks of equity financing is that, raising equity as a source of finance is demanding, costly and a time consuming method. It may require a lot of attention of the management. In order to raise equity, the company needs to have comprehensive check on its background and past performance, this if very often required by the potential investors. The company has to spend a lot of resources and time on this irrespective of the fact if it manages to raise any fund or not. Also there are a lot of legal and regulatory norms which are to be taken care of before raising funds through equity (William, 2010). Therefore, we see that equity as a source of finance is one of the best ways to raise capital for a business. It has a lot of advantages and one of the cheapest sources of finance. The only problem which lies is the issues related to its procurement. The company needs to build up an image and keep up progressive work if it desires to keep the business funded by equity. Overall, equity represents the own funds of a company. Debt The debt portion of the capital of a company represents the cash borrowed by the company at a fixed rate of interest with a fixed date or intervals to repay it. Debt may be represented by a loan or sale of debentures, the form will not change the nature of the debt. The lender always has the right to get back his money he lends along with the interest or as the agreement specifies (Needles Powers, 2013). Lending to a company to a company in theoretical terms is safer than in practical world. Investment through debt from lender point of view is more risky and it also provides higher awards. The performance of the company is the whole basis for procurement of loan. If the company has a good asset base with continuous profits then they can easily procure loans from the market. The main advantages of debt financing include no participation of outsiders in the business. When a company raises fund through a loan, the lender will not be there to tell the management on how to use the funds, it be the wholly decision of the management. Once the loan is repaid, the relationship with lender comes to an end unlike equity funding. Another advantage of debt financing is tax savings (Needles Powers, 2013). The interest paid in connection with loan is tax deductible and helps the companies to reduce its tax burden. Also when a company has taken loan it knows from before at what time and intervals is it required to pay interest along with exact numbers. This way the company can prepare its budget and check for availability of funds accordingly. The disadvantages of debt financing is that the companies need to have a good credit rating in order to procure loan, else it would the terms and conditions of loan shall be very harsh on the company. The company will have to maintain a series of smooth cash flow so that it is always has availability of funds to pay back loan instalments and interest amounts. If the lender would require collateral in connection to a loan provided by him, then this can bring the assets of the company at risk. So in order to decide if to or not to use debts as a financing tool the management needs to answer a few questions. It needs to check if it wants to have full control over the business of the company. Also, it needs to know it can pay back the loan timely and efficiently and if it would be comfortable in doing so. The company needs to check its credit worthiness before taking a loan and also it the worthiness is enough to get the company the desired amount of debt (Horngren, 2013). The management of the company needs to check it has sufficient assets to provide as collateral for the loan. Comparison of Debt and Equity of two companies For the assessment we have chosen two biggest retails which are listed on the London stock exchange, the first is Kingfisher Plc which has a market cap of 7237.25 million and the other is Next Plc which has a market cap of 7368.98 million. We have calculated few liquidity ratios for both the companies for better understanding and comparability. Debt Equity Ratio: the D/E ratio is a finance ratio which helps the entity to measure its financial leverage. It helps the company to calculate what part of its capital is financed by debt and what by equity (Horngren, 2013). Debt Ratio: the debt ratio helps the companies to calculate what part of the companys assets is financed by debt or outside funds (Needles, 2011). Equity Ratio: the equity ratio helps the companies to calculate what part of the companys asses is financed by equity or own funds (Horngren, 2013). Interest Coverage ratio: this ratio helps the investor to calculate the companys ability to meet the interest payments as they fall due. Earnings per share: this ratio helps the investor to calculate profit earned on each share of the company. Analysis of Debt and Equity of Kingfisher Plc Kingfisher Plc is the largest home improvement retailers of Europe and the third largest in world. It has its headquarters situated in London. It has around 1176 stores in across 11 countries all over the world (Kingfisher Plc, 2015). Following are the equity, debt and asset components of the company for last five years: 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Total Debt 3508 3474 3503 3741 3906 Total Equity 6186 6239 6317 6156 5727 Total Assets 9,694 9,713 9,820 9,897 9,633 We see that the company has over the period of five years tries to maintain is debt is to equity ratio of near about 0.5 to 0.7. This shows that the company is properly leveraged and there are no major variances in the financing of the company. The capital structure of the company is consistent and is healthy. Analysis of Debt and Equity of Next Plc Next Plc is another one of the largest clothing, footwear and home products retailers with about 700 stores. It is the largest clothing retailer of England, having left behind Marks and Spencer in the year 2012 and 2014 (Next Plc Ltd, 2015). Following are the equity, debt and asset components of the company for last five years: 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Total Debt 2,018.30 1,960.40 1,858.40 1,608.00 1,631.50 Total Equity 311.80 321.90 286.20 285.60 222.70 Total Assets 2,330.10 2,282.30 2,144.60 1,893.60 1,854.20 We see that the capital structure of Next Plc is not very balanced. The proportion of debt as compared to equity is very high. This indicates that most of the operations and assets of the company are financed by loan funds (Lanen, 2008). The company is under huge obligation and it needs to take measures to improve its equity capital base. Comparison of the ratios of two companies Debt Equity Ratio Debt Equity Ratio 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.61 0.68 Next Plc 6.47 6.09 6.49 5.63 7.33 The healthy debt to equity ratio lies within 0.5 to 2 depending on the industry in which the company operates. We see that Debt equity ratio of Kingfisher Plc is normal whereas that of Next Plc has crossed the threshold of 2. It is a bad sign for the company and the management of Next Plc needs to take some measures in order to correct it. Debt Ratio Debt Ratio 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.38 0.41 Next Plc 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.85 0.88 Debt ratios of 0.4 or lower are considered well whereas ratio of 0.6 or more is not considered healthy. The debt ratio of kingfisher Plc has maintained over the period of 4 years and is below 0.4. But the debt ratio of Next Plc is very high and is not appropriate. It represents high leverage which can bring the company at stake (Horngren, 2013). Equity Ratio Equity Ratio 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.62 0.59 Next Plc 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.15 0.12 The equity ratio of 0.6 and higher is considered good and ratio of 0.4 and below represents financial instability for the company. Kingfisher Plc has maintained its equity ratio around 0.6 over the period of five years. But the equity ratio of Next Plc is not appropriate. This represents that the company is mostly financed by loan funds. Interest Coverage Ratio Interest coverage Ratio 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 24.27 50.54 64.25 37.37 26.71 Next Plc 26.44 25.45 24.54 22.97 19.82 Higher the interest coverage ratio better it is for the company. We see that the interest coverage ratio of Kingfisher Plc is not very stable but still at a better position than next Plc. The level of interest coverage ratio for Next Plc has maintained a steady form, but still the company needs to improve its performance, Earnings Per Share Earnings Per Share 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 17.77 24.19 29.76 23.77 26.95 Next Plc 442.57 419.62 366.12 297.80 282.01 The earnings per share dont determine the performance of the company; it is the wealth maximization on which the company should focus. We see that EPS level of Kingfisher is very low as compared to Next Plc, this is so because of the debt equity ratio. The capital structure of Kingfisher has a higher proportion of Equity as compared to Next plc. Having more debt in capital structure creates a lot of burden on the company. Recommendation From the above calculations and graphs it is very clear that the capital structure of Kingfisher Plc is healthy and needs no changes, whereas the capital structure of Next Plc is very inappropriate and is highly levered. The capital structure of Next Plc requires immediate attention. The liquidity of the company will be at stake if the company continues to use this proportion of loan funds from outsiders. Even though Next Plc is the largest cloth retailers with highest revenue; the liquidity of the company if not proper can result in tremendous losses to the company (Albrecht et. al, 2011). Conclusion Equity and debt plays a vital role in shaping the destiny of the company and a comprehensive evaluation of the company considering these two provides a clear-cut picture. In the above report too, the comparison is done between Kingfisher Plc and Next Plc with the help of equity and debt. Therefore we see that proper generation of operating revenues is not the only feature which determines the financial position of the company. The capital structure of the company plays a very important role in determining the financial status of the company (Shim Siegel, 2009). References Albrecht, W., Stice, E. Stice, J 2011, Financial accounting, Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western. Horngren, C 2013, Financial accounting, Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Group. Kingfisher Plc 2015, Kingfisher Plc Annual Report and accounts, viewed 8 July 2016, https://www.kingfisher.com/index.asp?pageid=61 Lanen, W. N., Anderson, S Maher, M. W 2008, Fundamentals of cost accounting, NY: Hang Loose press. Needles, B. E. Powers, M 2013, Principles of Financial Accounting. Financial Needles, S. C 2011, Managerial Accounting, Nason, USA: South Western Cengage Learning. Next Plc Ltd 2015, Next Plc Ltd. Annual Report and accounts 2015., viewed 8 July 2016, https://www.nextplc.co.uk/~/media/Files/N/Next-PLC-V2/documents/reports-and-presentations/2014/next-annual-report-2015-final-web.pdf. Shim, J.K Siegel, J.G 2009, Modern Cost Management and Analysis, Barron's Education Series Vanderbeck, E. J 2013, Principles of Cost Accounting, Oxford university press William, L 2010, Practical Financial Management, South-Western College.

50 Inspiring Writing Prompts to Kick Writers Block

50 Inspiring Writing Prompts to Kick Writers Block Are you stuck for something to write about? Maybe youre scratching your head trying to come up with a fresh idea for a personal essay- a narrative or an extended description. Perhaps youre in the habit of keeping a journal or a blog, but today, for some reason, you cant think of a blessed thing to say. Maybe you need exercise to start a short story or need to do some prewriting for plot or character development for a longer fiction piece. Heres something that may help: a list of 50 brief writing prompts. The items on the list are not full-blown essay topics, just hints, snippets, cues, and clues to prod your memory, kick  writers block, and get you started. 50 Writing Prompts Take a minute or two to look over the list. Then pick one prompt that brings to mind a particular image, experience, or idea. Start writing (or freewriting) and see where it takes you. If after a few minutes you hit a dead end, dont panic. Simply return to the list, pick another prompt,  and try again.  Inspiration can truly come from anywhere. Its just a matter of freeing your mind from distraction and letting your imagination lead you where it may. When you discover something that intrigues or surprises you, thats the idea to develop further.   Everyone else was laughing.On the other side of that doorLate againWhat Ive always wantedA sound Id never heard beforeWhat if...The last time I saw himAt that moment I should have left.Just a brief encounterI knew how it felt to be an outsider.Hidden away in the back of a drawerWhat I should have saidWaking up in a strange roomThere were signs of trouble.Keeping a secretAll I have left is this photo.It wasnt really stealing.A place I pass by every dayNobody can explain what happened next.Staring at my reflectionI should have lied.Then the lights went out.Some might say its a weakness.Not again!Where Id go to hide out from everyoneBut thats not my real name.Her side of the storyNobody believed us.It was time to change schools again.We climbed to the top.The one thing Ill never forgetFollow these rules, and well get along fine.It may not be worth anything.Never againOn the other side of the streetMy father used to tell meWhen nobody was lookingIf I could do it over againOf course it wa s illegal. It wasnt my idea.Everyone was staring at me.It was a stupid thing to say.Hiding under my bedIf I tell you the truthMy secret collectionFootsteps in the darkThe first cut is the deepest.Trouble, big troubleLaughing uncontrollablyIt was just a game to them.

How to Stop Comparing Yourself to Others

How to Stop Comparing Yourself to Others How much of your day do you spend obsessively comparing yourself to your friends or colleagues? Your best friend from college makes more money than you do, even though she’s been at her job for less time. Your cubicle mate always gets complimented by your boss, even though you know she spends half her workday on Facebook. If you’re a frequent player of the comparison game, you know it always leads to you  feeling terrible about yourself. Yes, everyone on LinkedIn is doing better on the ladder than you are. And yes, everyone on Instagram is living their best life. But did you know that without the whole story, you really have no basis for comparison? Here’s how you can make sure to not fall into the trap of needless comparison. The next time you play the â€Å"here’s why he’s better† game, simply remember these tips, take a deep breath, and work on improving yourself rather than holding yourself against impossible standards.1. Realize that c omparisons don’t tell the whole story.Are you comparing what you know to be your worst against what you judge to be someone else’s best? Are you comparing your beginning to someone else’s middle? Your early career to their glory days? Your entry-level salary to their 40-year career? Remember that comparisons require metrics, which are hard to come by even when you aren’t trying to compare apples to oranges or seeds to trees.2. Understand that you’re wasting precious time.Every hour you spend comparing yourself to someone else is an hour you’re not spending doing better, learning more, acquiring new skills, and moving forward. Comparing yourself to someone else shifts your mindset away from where it needs to be- on you- by putting it somewhere else much less productive. Focus on yourself and what you must do to be where you need to be, and cut out the rest of the noise.3. Know that social media is not your friend.The next time you fall down a n Insta-hole of perfectly posed pictures, turn off your device (or at least shut down your app) and force yourself to spend at least one hour without logging back on. If you spend that hour working on a self-improvement project, that’s all the better. Work on building the kind of life you can be proud of. Focus on the present, not on how many â€Å"likes† you got on your last post. Do something for yourself or someone else that will actually matter.4. Turn that frown upside down.Address whatever negative feelings are lurking in the back of your brain and try to turn them into positives. Use your jealousy and insecurity to spur you to grow faster and more. In fact, instead of viewing the person who’s making you feel less-than as competition, you can think of him or her as a muse or an inspiration to do better. You might even reach out to that person in a mentorship or brain-picking capacity!5. Keep your dignity.You have nothing to gain in comparison situations, b ut everything to lose- not just your time and energy, but your drive, your passion, your pride, and your dignity. You’re only in control of one life- your own. Do what you can to make it the best it can be, and don’t become bitter and jealous while forgetting to make something of yourself in the meantime.

Konica Minolta business solutions customer service training plan Coursework

Konica Minolta business solutions customer service training plan - Coursework Example The assessment will help in; Organizational analysis examines the areas where training is required and the explicit conditions under which the training will be conducted (Altschuld & Kumar, 2010). It will identify abilities, skills, and knowledge that employees will need for the future in order to meet the organization’s goal of providing substantial services to its loyal customers while helping health care, legal, and educational customers to embrace rapid information movement, reduce costs, improve quality, and enhance security. HR data will be analyzed to indicate areas where introduction of training will boost performance. Tagged among these are departments with high absenteeism rates, high turnover, and poor performance (Noe,  2010). Changes in automation, technology or equipment will also need to be identified. After a thorough analysis, appropriate training will be developed. Moreover, the management will need to offer the required financial support in order to ensure the success of the assessm ent. Moreover, customer complaints and employee grievances will also be considered in order to effectively cover the needs of the organization. Factors to be considered include labor pool, future skills need, and alterations in laws and conventions (Hawthorne, 2007). Individual analysis will target the employees of Konica Minolta Business Solutions and how they perform. Employees will be reviewed to reveal any deficiencies that will aid in the formulation of an effective and efficient training plan. Additionally, employees will also be interviewed (both casual and casual), surveyed, or tested to ascertain their training needs. Employees will be at liberty to indicate the various problems that they have and recommend possible solutions to the problems. Task study will begin with a comparison of employees’ knowledge and skills to

Find Wikipedia links related to Global economy Assignment

Find Wikipedia links related to Global economy - Assignment Example Therefore, this information needs to be enriched and updated. I have selected this as a Wikipedia search topic because it is an important element of the global economy. The growth of the world economy heavily relies on international trade, and I therefore find this aspect very important. In the modern globalized economy, the social and political impact of international trade cannot be underestimated. However, after reading the information on international trade on Wikipedia, little focus is given on key issues such as drivers of international trade, barriers and future prospects. In addition, the real impacts of international trade on various regions and countries are not fully highlighted. There is need to add more information on this topic focusing on the current drivers of international trade and the future prospects. As the world becomes a global village, economic globalization is a major driver of growth. Therefore, I have selected this topic since it directly affects our global economy. Wikipedia provides some information on the history and effects of economic globalization, but this information is not in detail. In particular, the impact of economic globalization on various regions and continents is not given. There is need to add more information on the past and emerging trends of economic globalization and their

An Analysis of Change management models

An Analysis of Change management models In this report, we have focused on change management within an organization or a project. Change management is becoming so important that nowadays more and more companies use this method to improve the performance. Lots of change management models are used; they have made profit to the companies. However, not all the models are suitable to all the projects or all the kinds of companies; they have disadvantages as well as advantages when using them. In this report, we will discuss three models as examples: Kotters Eight Step Change Model, Lewins Change Management Model and McKinsey 7-S Model. Introduction Change management is a methodical approach to handling with change, not only from the angle of an organization but on the individual level. A rather vague term, change management has more than three different dimensions, adapting to change, controlling change, and effecting change included. A proactive approach to handling with change is at the central part of all three aspects. For an organization, change management means making the definition and implementation of procedures and/or technologies to handle with changes in the business environment and to profit from changing opportunities. Triumphant adaptation to change is as vital within an organization as it is in the natural world. Just similar to plants and animals, organizations and the individuals in them unavoidably run into changing conditions that they are incapable to control. The more effectively you handle with change, the more probable you are to flourish. Building structured methods for addressing changes in the business environment or building coping mechanisms for addressing changes in the workplace might be involved in adaptation. As a result, lots of change management models are built to help make the change management more effective. There are several of change management models. We will discuss three and decide which the best fit an organization needing many changes is. We will discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of these three change management models. Once we discuss them further, we will see differences to each of these models. There are also a lot of similarities among these models. It is vital that we have a systematic indulgent of each of the three change management models presented. Problem Area Scope It usually doesnt matter how well designed a project is at the beginning, change is an unavoidable part of the project implementation process. Most of us have a tendency to think of change in terms of problems or negative consequences. Though its true that change could be bad or could be good. There are quite a few of aspects that are looked at when the changes are made and a correct path should be adopted in order to achieve the required target. Our scope of this report focuses on the following: How to describe change management system What are the principles of change management and the guidelines which needs to be looked at when changes are required Elements of change management systems Most effective models of change management Although there are several models present in the market today but only that model which suits the profile of the project should be adopted or whose implementation is not vague to the rest of the project team. In this study report we have primarily focused on following three models of change management: Kotter Model McKinsey 7-S Model Lewins Change Management Model Additional more our report highlights: Characteristics of Each Model Methodology of their usage. The major constraints that could come across are scheduled below: Uncertainty between people implementing change management models Communication gap between top management and lower level. Time Uncertainty of the roles and responsibilities Methodology Our study was employed  on the study of Change Management, principles different models of change management models were obtained by performing the following set of activities: Topic Selection and Planning of Study We had a brainstorming meeting where our team members got agreed to work on Conflict handling in Project Management and with the help of the study objectives and necessities which were mentioned by our course teacher (Erika Bellander), then the study was broken down into the following tasks: introduction, problems, scope area, theories models related to different conflict situations in projects, conflict resolution strategies, methods used in the study,   reliability, validity, results, discussions and recommendations. These were followed by the formation of a responsibility matrix and time scheduling. The status or progress of each task were reported and usually uploaded on bilda at least a day before our weekly meetings on every Tuesdays. Online Discussions The IMPACTS group members who were working together on some deliverables had online discussions and difficulties encountered during the tasks executing were also frequently discuss on line. We also helped each other by providing hints/inputs to each other by emails and we found that this is more effective way of communication. Resources Due to the time constraints, the IMPACT group could not obtain any primary data for the study from the companies/ Industries because of that our study was based on secondary sources which contains lectures notes, books and the internet were combine with working experience of our team members. Results Now a days every manager or leaders in education are required to lead and manage changes. It is significant as nevertheless the survey has found that change is taking place at a growing tempo, the verification suggests that most change initiatives doesnt not make the grade e.g. current research recommended that less than 65% of re-organizations met their stated aims which are usually bottom line enhancement. The impact of failures to bring in effective change could also be lofty e.g. loss of market position, elimination of senior management, loss of stakeholder trustworthiness, loss of key employees. To avoid such failures there is need of acquaintance with the change management principle and models and its consequences. In this section we will describe the basic change management principles and some models for the change management. Definition of Change Management Change management is a course of action in which whole system is modified according to any pre-defined framework or modelled by following it. Principle of Change Management There are some principles followed to make change management. By following these principles as a systematic, framework, team leaders can learn that how to manage their own personal change and how to appoint the whole organization in the process. Although there are many Principles of change management but few of the Principles are following: Adopting a principled method that shows reliability and engenders openness and belief will see your change program throughout the hard times. Here are five key principles of successful change managementà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¡ Sponsorship The change program gets the visible support of key decision-makers within the organization as well as resources are ready to the program. Planning Planning is undertaken systematically before program execution and committed to writing. Plans are enumerated in accordance with predominant stakeholders and resources, goals, risks and other relevant participants. Measurement Program objectives are written in assessable terms and program progress is controlled and intercommunicated to major stakeholders. Engagement Stakeholders are involved in an authentic bilateral communication on the basis of openness, reciprocal trust and esteem. Support structures Program executors and change recipients are provided with the resources and supporting systems required during the process of the implementation and the aftermath. Change Management Guidelines In our study of this change management model principle we have found the following important guidelines for the change management: Address the individual side systematically: At all times engage and agree support from individual within system as every change creates individuals personal issues. When new leaders are asked to change then work will be changed and employees usually create confrontation which will lead to risk of speed of work, spirits and results. There is a common approach of change management that start with the top management team and then engage the stakeholders and this concept should start in early stage of change itself. Start at the top: When changes in organization system occurs then everyone looks at the top management as the decisions comes from them who that how this should be along with its protocols. Top management should work together by planning and commitment and they must communicate with each other. Involve every layer: When the course of action of change starts then we makes the strategy then designs its way and in implementation phase starts which affect all levels of the organization. Leadership at every level is must required with expertise in knowledge. Communicate the message: One must keep in mind that there should not be any communication gap during the change management. There is a big mistake which is normally seen that some managers believe that all members in the team understand the problems. There is usually need of regular and timely messages which should be inspirational and applicable. Communication must be from bottom to up and from up to down also so that employees may get information at right time. There is also need of right message to right person to avoid bad consequences. Prepare for unexpected: Whenever change is made according to plan then one usually has many problems faced during change management process. There are some unforeseen ways of reaction shown by some people. The reason of reaction could be anything. There should be persistent reassessment of the impact of change is needed and we should have the ability to adopt any sudden change into the organization. Change Management Models The change management should include the organizational change management procedures along with the individuals development according to the change in order to avoid the conflicts and to have healthy environment in the organization. There are many approaches/models for the change management but following three models are described here: McKinsey 7-S Model Lewins Change Management Model John P. Kotters Eight Steps of Change Management 4.5.1 McKinsey 7-S Model McKinsey 7-S Model is developed by McKinsey and Company in 1981. The 7-S model is used to analyze the organization and their effectiveness. This model illustrate that an organization is consist of seven elements. This model is widely being used by many practitioners and academics to analyse different organizations. The seven models are distinguished in the hard Ss and the soft Ss. Strategy, structure and system are considers as the Hard Ss and Style, Staff, Skills and shared values are the Soft Ss. McKinsey 7-S model helps the organization to control and formulate the change management for all these seven models. Checklist can be developed for each model to analyze if any change is required and then necessary steps can be taken to achieve the desired changes. The figure above shows the integration of each model in a way that all Models have interaction with each others and it also shows that Shared Values have common interaction with remaining 6-S models. The description and use of each model is explained bellow and categorised as the Hard Ss and the Soft Ss. The Hard Ss: STRATEGY Strategy is the set of plans for the action required to restructure the organization for the changes in its external environment. Organizations goals and decision and action of achieving the desired changes are the major factor for the strategy development. STRUCTURE When planning any changes, the organization needs to be organized in a way that that the structure of organization will remain controlled. If the organizational structure is affected due to changes request without controlling the factors like responsibilities, the system can be fully disturbed and it can cause serious problems SYSTEMS In any organization, people are working systematically for performing their tasks and responsibilities. While making changes it is important to take care of the system that the normal routines of staff shall not be affected in a way that they will not be able to perform their jobs. The Soft Ss: SHARED VALUES Every organization has their personal goals and objectives which gives the reason to all staff and management to move forward to perform their daily tasks. These goals and object have the same values for each and every body in the organization. While making the changes in the organization, the shared values should not be changed otherwise it will take the organization into failure of its goal. STYLE Organization develops and maintains their culture and style of management. Organizations style also means that the way managers interact with their employee and the way they spend their time. Changing the organizations culture and style is difficult task as it involves the people personal behaviour STAFF Organizations success always depends on their staff and teams working on the assigned tasks to achieve their goals. The organizations now a days are paying more attention into their human resources to have the right and active competences. The need and importance of Human resource management became essential for most of organizations now a day. Changing in staff can really result into a big success or big failure depending on right decisions by HR management. SKILLS Staff without the right skills to perform any tasks can create several problems for the operations and May results into big disasters. Technology is improving our working environment and new skills needed to be developed into existing staff to fulfil their gaps. Skill development through trainings can help the staff to have the right skills to perform their tasks. 4.5.2 Lewins Change Management Model Change is a common thread that occurs in all businesses regardless of size, organization and age; even in our individual lives. There is a common saying that change is the only permanent thing in life. The whole world is changing fast; hence organizations must change quickly as well. The leading organizations are those that manage change well. As for those that do not, they have continued to struggle to survive. Developed in 1950s, Kurt Lewins Change Management Model is one of the most popular cornerstone models for understanding organizational change. His model is popularly known as Unfreeze-Change-Refreeze which refers to the three-stages of change he described. Lewin explained organizational change applying the analogy-changing the shape of an ice block. First stage: Unfreezing This is possibly one of the most critical stages to realize in the area of change we find ourselves today. The stage is about making preparations for the change that is about to happen. In this stage, we must understand that change is necessary and we must be prepared to move away from our present comfort zone. The more we perceive the need for a change, the more urgent it becomes and the more our motivation to make the change. You can compare this with having a job to be delivered within a deadline. The closer the deadline, the more likely you are to hurriedly get the job started. The deadline for a job is usually tied around some kind of rewards or punishment. Without a deadline, the urge to change is lower compared to the need to change. The motivation to make the change, and get on with it also becomes lower. It is important to weigh the pros and cons and then be sure that the pros outnumbers the cons before you take off. This leads us to what Lewin termed the Force field Analysis. Force Field Analysis shows us that there are different factors (forces) that we need to observe when making change. Some are for while some are against. If, the factors for change is more than the factors beside change we will make change. Otherwise, there is low motivation and if we force a change were likely to be heading for a danger. The first stage of unfreezing is moving our selves, or a department, or an entire organization towards motivation for change and one good way of doing this is by using The Kurt Lewin Force Field Analysis. Second Stage: Change or Transition The second stage called change or transition takes place as we formulate the changes that are required. According to Kurt Lewin, change is as a process and not an event. The process is what he called transition. He then described transition as the inner movement we make in response to a change. This stage is often the hardest because people are uncertain and fearful. The period is more difficult as people are learning about the change which requires some understanding to work with. Therefore it is very important to give them all the necessary support in the form of coaching and training and to have it in mind that mistakes are part of the change process. It is more helpful using role models and giving people room to develop their own solution towards making the change. It is also essential to let people have an understandable image of the required change and the usual benefits. By so doing, they stay focused, and this can only be achieved through effective communication. Third Stage: Freezing or Refreezing This stage focused on establishing stability after the changes are made. The changes become the new way of doing things. Although it takes time for people to get used to the new norms as they have to form new relationships, but as time goes on they become adapted and comfortable with their routines. However there has been a lot of criticism and people argue that practically there is never time for the so called freezing stage. The world is so dynamic now and it might just take a couple of weeks for another change to happen. Hence, there is no time to settle into comfortable routines. The freezing sounds too rigid and does not fit with the modern idea of change which is a continuous and sometimes a disorderly process in which greater flexibility is demanded. For this reason, it is recommended that we think of this final stage as being more flexible, instead of a rigid frozen block. Consequently, unfreezing for the next change becomes easier. 4.5.3 John P. Kotters Eight Steps of Change Management In today environment change becomes natural part of doing business, whether be change in consumers behaviour, competitive landscape, supply chains, financial market, labour market. Not many organizations can adapt to changes coming to them effectively and in many instances can bankrupt the company. One of the leading management guru is John P. Kotter who introduced concept of eight steps to organization change management to help company adapt and prepare to various changes that affecting organization. Kotter has written several bestseller books. The most recognize one is Leading Change, which discusses practical 8-step process for the organization to follow when facing changes. The process describes useful insight on how to manage change for business organization of which key principles taking into people participation and roles in identification and implementing strategies. Kotters eight steps are being discussed briefly as follows: Establish a Sense of Urgency It is vey crucial for an organization to be ready and responsive to changes that happen in the market. The best way is for management to create sense of urgency for change and engagement staff at all level to be aware and adaptive for changes that company may encounter. The management should evaluate the market landscape and analyze impact or potential threat and opportunity to the company. This should also be shared among key staff to form a strategic plan. Form a Powerful Guiding Coalition In order to implement change effectively, key staff should come together to form a working group or steering committee to lead the effort. Create a Vision Establish sensible vision for change. The vision should reflect value and reason that change need to happen. It must be accompanied by workable strategies not a wishful one. Communicate the Vision Once the vision is established, management need to communicate it effectively as it is a guiding principle for change. Tools of communication and target group must be carefully crafted to ensure most effective effort and utilization of resources. Empower Others to Act on the Vision In order to create change, management must eliminate obstacles or system/process that gets in a way of implementing the vision and strategies. Management should encourage staff to take calculated risk and breakout of existing comfort zone to embracing new vision and strategies. Plan for and Create Short-Term Wins In reality, for an organization to achieve its vision may take long period of time and faces many obstacles and setbacks. Management should set a series of achievable short term goal that link to strategy and vision so staff can have a reachable goal to achieve and feel accomplish. It is also the opportunity to identify improvement in process to better achieve the vision as goal being reviewed periodically. Consolidate Improvements and Produce Still More Change Continue improvement in work process and system is important key to ensure that organization moving forward toward achieving the vision. This also includes the improvement in human resources practices from hiring, promotion and personal development. Institutionalize New Approaches To create lasting change, the new way of thinking should be part of organizational culture, process, structure and human resources development. The above provide general information on Kotters 8 steps process of which offers good framework for an organization in approaching change. According to him only 15% of businesses will successfully implement and adapt to change that coming to them. One of the reasons may be that most management fails to take the complexity of human the connection. Some of executives would probably outline the right business strategy but unable to implement it effectively due to internal resistance to change within its organization as well as poorly communicate to the staff of the changes and the way to go forward in managing it and cause misunderstanding or fear among employee. To summarize, Kotters concept is very useful and actionable, nevertheless, the company chose also be mindful of its staff culture and personality and revise plan to communicate effectively. Analysis Analyzing the three models described above McKinsey 7-S Model, Lewins Change Management model and John P. Kotters Eight Steps pf Change Management can be observed that each model have their own particularities and focus in the Change Management Subject. In the case of the first model, McKinsey 7-S Model M, is more focused in the areas that should be considered during an organisational change and created in the beginning of the 80s. This model has been classified by INMPACT group in two parts as Organisational Core Aspects as Strategy, Structure and systems which can be classified as the spine; and in the Human Resources aspects where are considered values, management style, leadership, interaction, skills and competences. Lewins Change Management model is a general model created in the 50s and talks about three different stages during a change management. The three stages mentioned are unfreezing, change and freezing. From our point of view this model gives a global view in the topic, but is missing certain important aspects that are crucial during the planning, implementation of a change inside any kind of organisation. Nowadays companies live in an environment where if the company stays at the freeze stage exists a higher possibility of failure due to the environment and other players are in continuous change that is the reason why companies have a high degree of flexibility in their human resources, strategy, systems and structure. Kotters eight steps Change Model focus on the urgency sense and on a high degree of responsiveness, leadership (powerful guiding coalition) and human resources, vision and structure, communication, empowerment, short term win through challenging but also reachable goals, continuous improvement in systems, processes and practices, people planning and development. The eight steps models from our point of view are focused on the continuous environmental changes, consumers behaviour, supply chains, financial markets, etc. From our point of view the Mckinsey model and the Eight Step model can be integrated in one model in order to have a better view on the Change Management, it both models can complement each other in both main aspects mentioned by McKinsey model organisational core areas and Human resources and at the same time the eight steps can be classified in both areas. Discussion As mentioned before can be developed one model 8Steps-Mckinsey in where the different aspect mentioned by both models can be identified in one. 8 STEPS- MckinseyLeadership Responsiveness Continuous Improvement Empowerment People Planning Vision Short Term Goals As can be perceived in the model leadership, responsiveness and continuous improvement should be present in all parts of the model, while in the organisational core part should be integrated the vision and short term goals which help to establish new perspectives to the strategy, structure and vision. At the same time the Human Resources should have the ability to be empowered, and at the same time HR Management should define which competences want to be developed, skills and capacity. Conclusion Nowadays Organizational change is required and it is increasing, but the change happens not very successfully. The high levels of breakdown signify that proper management of these changes is still missing. It shows that there is a lot to learn about the how to deal with change more efficiently. We have found that there is no solitary model of change management is there which is applicable to everywhere and there cannot be single solution for it. However we do have some models from our studies which are better and one can apply these as per their applicability. It has been seen that the management professionals are not always having the appropriate skills to lead change management and are not keenly included within the change procedure. However, many of such concerns that are identified concern of the people aspects of change. In such cases human resource management department should take the steps for it and manage it, to have healthy consequences of the change. To achieve this there is a need of proper skills is needed in the management side as well as the human resources as well. The change management response should be adaptive. The key elements of the successful change management are plan for long term in broad manner, establish proper communication methods to enable fast review and good decision from the managers, empower people to have decision at local operational level, avoid unnecessary changes and time consuming procedures, encourage people to adapt the changes by proper training and telling its benefits and respect peoples feelings and optimize the IT systems to facilitate for valuable information management. Recommendations Our team recommends a deeper study of change management models for all our stakeholders, our readers as currently there are so many change management models being used by different organizations and their selection criteria depends totally on their own needs and objectives. In theory we have some models which says that one can have be flexible for his way of change management and one should allows the flexibility to respond the change but such models are not very practical when it comes to the consequences of changes. e.g. capability to share knowledge and to work efficiently, it may have impact on effectiveness of communication or individual commitment, which itself has implications for change effectiveness. The individual development and training plays the important role in change management process. The human resource involvement in the individual development plays significant role. Following are some important responsibilities of human resource team towards the employees, which has significance during the change management process: Participation at the early phase in the project group. Get used to negotiating and connecting across various individuals. Understanding individuals concerns to look forward to problems. Develop good medium of message to reach a variety of groups. Serving people deal with change, performance management and motivation. Advising project managers in skills available within the organization examining skills gaps, training requirements and new working observations etc. Harmonizing out the contracted/temporary goals with broader tactical needs. Evaluating the impact of change in one department and its influence on another part of the organization.

No-calorie Powder May Substitute For Foods Fat :: essays research papers

No-Calorie Powder May Substitute for Food's Fat George E. Inglett of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Biopolymer Research Unit in Peoria III invented a no-calorie fat substitute called Z-Trim. It is a mix of crushed fibers made from the hulls of grains. It can replace the fat and some of the carbohydrates in foods such as chocolates, brownies, cheese, and ground beef. He spent three years trying to perfect Z-Trim to be smooth because he made it out of tough hulls of corn, oats, and rice. He first crushed the hulls with a solution of hydrogen peroxide. He washed the peroxide off in centrifuge. After this step it was still too large, so he put the pieces back through the first step of the hydrogen peroxide and the centrifuge. That made it smooth. Now, it is a fine, white cellulose powder that can be made into a gel by adding water. Inglett also developed Oatrim. This is made up of a digestible fiber from oat flour that provides four calories per gram. Z-Trim compared to another fat substitute, olestra, is different. Olestra can cause gastrointestinal distress and take vitamins and carotenoids out of the body. The new substitute does not have those affects. Inglett says that you should eat more of the kind of fibers that make up Z-Trim to reduce the chances of getting intestinal disorders. But there are some people who argue with Inglett's theory on his new substitute. "I wouldn't expect Z-Trim to have the same kinds of problems as olestra," says Margo Wootan, a senior scientist at the Center for Science in the Public Interest in Washington, D.C. "Fiber is already found in our diet, while olestra is a synthetic chemical. There is also concern for the "microbial stability" of foods containing Z-Trim. "Whenever you remove the lipid material and replace it with water," says Thomas H.

Health Care Decisions of the Mentally Ill

The mentally ill are an extremely vulnerable group when it comes to receiving adequate health care as well as being â€Å"allowed† to make those critical decisions that affect their lives. Although the perception exists that as a whole the mentally ill are ill equipped if not downright incapable of making those decisions, the reality is not so carved in stone.   The stereotypes of the mentally ill both lessen their ability to â€Å"participate in the management of their illness and achieve desired treatment outcomes,† and â€Å"encourages pessimistic and non-therapeutic attitudes and behaviors among clinicians making them receptive to the requests of their mentally ill patients.† (National 2006 p. 80). The perception is that the mentally ill pose a danger to both themselves and society, therefore need to have all â€Å"important† decisions made for them, just as a child would. The mentally ill are often coerced into making decisions that are neither true to their wishes, or good for their lives. In reality, the majority of the mentally ill are quite capable of making their own health care decisions, and only rarely does their illness affect those decisions, requiring a family member or friend to step forward. Research has shown that the mental health population has â€Å"elevated rates of some disease and health complications from psychiatric medication,† and, in fact tend to die at significantly younger ages than the general population. (Mental 2006 p. 1).   There are, of course, circumstances where intervention by another party becomes a necessity.   In the more severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia or severe bi-polar disease, the ability to make rational decisions can become severely impaired, requiring a guardian ad-litem to make decisions that are in the best interest of the patient. Our current system of HMO’s also put the mentally ill patient at a further disadvantage because â€Å"psychiatric disorders leave people ill-equipped to handle the bureaucratic roadblocks inherent in managed care.† (Perina 2002 p. 1). Because there are no concrete routine blood tests or CAT scans that definitively say that a person is ill, the science is much more subjective, therefore more fraught with stumbling blocks. As stated, in most cases, the mentally ill are still quite able to make their own health care decisions and should be allowed to do so without the stereotypes and hardships to make those decisions more difficult. Works Cited: Mental Health Articles (March 15, 2006). Creative Strategies Improve Medical Care for Mentally Ill. Retrieved May 31, 2006 from: http://www.emaxhealth.com/7/4939.html National Academics Press (2000). Improving the Quality of Health Care for Mental and Substance Abuse Patients. Retrieved May 30, 2006 Perina, Kaja. (Mar/April 2002). Battling for Benefits. Retrieved May 31, 2006         

The Tragedy Of Oedipus The Play Oedipus - 1525 Words

- The beginning of the plot of the play, Oedipus’s objective was to figure out who murdered King Laà ¯os, to then capture him and put a stop to the plague spreading around Thebes. King Oedipus is profoundly concerned about his people, and is determined to relive the misery that is occurring due to the curse in his city. When he starts investigating, the idea was brought up that it is possible that he, himself, killed King Laà ¯os and that changes his mindset in a different path. Oedipus is aware that years ago before he came to Thebes, he had an encounter with a stranger that almost endangered his life and killed the man in self-defense. â€Å"And there a herald came towards me, and a chariot drawn by horses, with a man such as you describe seated in it. The groom leading the horses forced me off the road at his lord’s command...Swinging my club in this right hand I knocked him out out of his car, and he rolled on the ground. I killed him.† (pg.1240) Little di d he know that the man was King Laà ¯os; it seems like everyone in the play seems to know that Oedipus is the murderer of King Laà ¯os but something keeps them from revealing that to him. All the confusement that is brought to Oedipus is there reason why the question â€Å"Who killed Laà ¯os?† turned to â€Å"Who am I?† Discovering who he is, is the key in determining whether he is the possible murderer of King Laà ¯os. On the level of the plot, the answer â€Å"Son of Laà ¯os and lokastà ª, father’s murderer, mother’s husband.† However, in Oedipus mind,Show MoreRelatedOedipus Tyrannus, A Tragic Hero. Summary: . Context. Oedipus1391 Words   |  6 PagesOedipus Tyrannus, a Tragic Hero Summary: Context Oedipus Tyrannus is a Greek tragedy that was first performed as a play in 429 BCE. The setting of the play is in Thebes, one of Greece’s city states that is suffering from a tragic plague. King Oedipus’s brother in-law; Creon, reports back from the oracle of Apollo that the plague would only be lifted if the murderer of his predecessor; King Laius, is found and brought to justice. Before the whole city of Thebes, Oedipus vows to apprehend and punishRead MoreOedipus Rex as Aristotalian Tragedy1506 Words   |  7 PagesSophocles modeled his play Oedipus Rex on Aristotles definition and analysis of tragedy.Since according to Aristotles definition, A tragedy is an imitation of action that is serious, complete and of a certain magnitude; in language embellished artistic ornaments, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play; in the form of action, not narrative with incidents that evokes pity and fear of a persons emotions. Also Aristotle identified the basic six parts a tragedy as being plot, characterRead MoreEssay on Oedipus: The Reign of a Tragic Hero1266 Words   |  6 Pagestragic play and the history it comes with? 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