Building and Sustaining School culture Research Paper - 1

Building and Sustaining School culture - Research Paper Example What's more, it additionally examines the natural speculations held by staff individuals intelligent to the traditions of schools. Making attention to culture inside school settings can trigger researchers and mentors to take on undertakings that advance development. A school is an association that has its own standards, qualities and standards. Culture is certifiably not a recognizable part of a school setting. A school culture encases instructors building up their mentalities and affecting their decisions and deeds. Culture controls all features of a school, just as such angles as teacher’s dressing, what the educators talk about during their breaks, how the instructors adorn their study halls and the teacher’s weight on unmistakable aspects of the program of study. This exploration paper will concentrate on the elements that can help in building and supporting school culture inside school settings and organizations and the key players. Sarason (1996) alludes culture inside a school setting as the allowance of faith based expectations and qualities reasonable among the school chiefs in guiding the school, and deciphered by the understudies into appropriate leads and defensively covered through establishment of control. School societies are framed and changed after some time. Obviously, there is an expansive correspondence among creators and researchers on how school societies responds to and duplicates network characteristics held by the understudies. Hence, school culture can be communicated as the air we relax. It is not really perceptible. In addition, it additionally exemplifies the characteristics and estimations of its pioneers (Sarason, 1996). School culture is a unique perspective that is constantly â€Å"being built and formed through dealings with other and replications on life and the world in general† (Sarason, 1996, p 27). Culture in school develops as â€Å"teachers partner with one another, understudies and the community† (Barth, 1990, p. 123).Sarason (1996) contends that it â€Å"becomes the guide for conduct shared among individuals from the school at large†

2.Housing association governance puts the interests of the Essay

2.Housing affiliation administration places the interests of the association over those of inhabitants. Examine - Essay Example is network flaunts that they have pushed forward of government by having the option to uphold these limitations through the agreements marked by the mortgage holders that in the open part may cross paths with protected limitations and legal restrictions. This specific situation underscores a measurement in lodging affiliations †regardless of whether its organization places the interests of the association over those of its occupants. The very name, lodging affiliation, is misdirecting. Lodging affiliations or property holders affiliations are frequently not relationship in the feeling of a statement of organisc life as the focal point of shared discernments and regular exercises, nor, much of the time, are they constrained by mortgage holders. Nathaniel Gates (1997) contended that the occupants of these networks, drawn from a wide range of foundations, frequently share little for all intents and purpose, and the designer about outright authority over the network. (p. 253) In a way, lodging affiliations turned into a type of private governments that might one be able to day dominate urban areas in criticalness. The standards of the lodging affiliations, no not as much as urban communities, characterize political circles. An affiliation, similar to any network with the ability to save and sustain itself, is coercive. This paper will contend that in view of this reality, it must attest its own advantages against the interests both of pariahs and, on occasion, of its very own portion individuals. The fundamental thought for a home relationship with regular proprietorship and upkeep of open space began with Leicester Square in London in 1734, which was represented by prohibitive contracts. The lawful idea was traded to the New World when in 1831, Samuel Ruggles depleted a bog in New York City and constructed a square of homes around a recreation center. This people group was known as the Gramercy Park and it comprised an eight-foot high fence. Every inhabitant had a key to an entryway in the fence for get to. The occupants held title to the recreation center in trust. These gated or purported garden networks didn't generally turn into

Blog Archive Prepare for Your HBS Interview with a Former HBS Interviewer

Blog Archive Prepare for Your HBS Interview with a Former HBS Interviewer Devi Vallabhaneni, mbaMission’s HBS Interviewer in Residence One of the most critical steps in the MBA application process is the interview, and none is more legendaryâ€"or stress inducingâ€"than Harvard Business School’s (HBS’s). The HBS interview is particularly fast-paced and can cover a wide range of topics, all based on your specific application and personal story. It is designed to help the admissions representative get to know the real you. Devi Vallabhaneni, a veteran admissions interviewer with years of experience interviewing hundreds of HBS candidates and mbaMission’s new HBS Interviewer in Residence, emphasizes how much preparation goes into an HBS interview. “Your submitted HBS application includes so many different elementsâ€"your essay, your short answers, your transcripts, your letters of recommendation… I review everything extensively so that during our interview, I already know your story and can push deeper into the areas that interest me. You’ve worked so hard to show HBS who you are through your application; the interview reflects this same intensity back to you.” Although the HBS admissions interview is specialized and unpredictable, Devi asserts that preparing for it is still both important and possible, and she encourages candidates to take steps to ready themselves for this pivotal discussion. “In just 30 minutes, even though you have no control over the questions, you have to convey the kind of HBS student and future leader you will be. To prepare, make sure that you know everything you submitted in your application. This sounds elementary, but I have seen people forget details about their own experiences! Practicing ahead of time is more than worth your while.” With that in mind, starting this fall, Devi will be offering intensive interview simulations in New York City and online via webcam to help HBS applicants prepare for the real thing. She will also hold an HBS Interview Workshop exclusively for mbaMission Complete “Start-to-Finish” Package clients. The live interview simulation includes Two 30-minute mock interviews. Devi will spend several hours reviewing your written application, following the same process she used when conducting candidate interviews for HBS. Then, she will interview you, enabling you to experience the free-flowing, dynamic, and personalized nature of an HBS interview. Personalized feedback. After each interview, Devi will provide you with targeted feedback and coaching, talking you through her impressions and offering strategic advice for improving your HBS interview skills. Reflection period. Between interviews, you will have time to internalize Devi’s feedback and prepare accordingly before trying again in a second, customized interview. For more information and to secure your spot, please visit our HBS Intensive Interview Simulation page. Current mbaMission Complete “Start-to-Finish” Package clients are eligible for a $500 discount for the HBS Intensive Interview Simulation and will be invited to participate in the exclusive HBS Interview Workshop with Devi if they are invited to interview at HBS. Share ThisTweet Business School Harvard University (Harvard Business School) Interviews Managing the MBA Interview Blog Archive Prepare for Your HBS Interview with a Former HBS Interviewer Devi Vallabhaneni, mbaMission’s HBS Interviewer in Residence One of the most critical steps in the MBA application process is the interview, and none is more legendaryâ€"or stress inducingâ€"than Harvard Business School’s (HBS’s). The HBS interview is particularly fast-paced and can cover a wide range of topics, all based on your specific application and personal story. It is designed to help the admissions representative get to know the real you. Devi Vallabhaneni, a veteran admissions interviewer with years of experience interviewing hundreds of HBS candidates and mbaMission’s HBS Interviewer in Residence, emphasizes how much preparation goes into an HBS interview. “Your submitted HBS application includes so many different elementsâ€"your essay, your short answers, your transcripts, your letters of recommendation… I review everything extensively so that during our interview, I already know your story and can push deeper into the areas that interest me. You’ve worked so hard to show HBS who you are through your application; the interview reflects this same intensity back to you.” Although the HBS admissions interview is specialized and unpredictable, Devi asserts that preparing for it is still both important and possible, and she encourages candidates to take steps to ready themselves for this pivotal discussion. “In just 30 minutes, even though you have no control over the questions, you have to convey the kind of HBS student and future leader you will be. To prepare, make sure that you know everything you submitted in your application. This sounds elementary, but I have seen people forget details about their own experiences! Practicing ahead of time is more than worth your while.” With that in mind, this winter, Devi will be offering intensive interview simulations online via webcam to help HBS applicants prepare for the real thing. She will also hold an HBS Interview Workshop exclusively for mbaMission Complete “Start-to-Finish” Package clients. The live interview simulation includes Two or three 30-minute interview experiences customized to your application. Before your first session, Devi will spend several hours reviewing your written application, following the same process she used when conducting candidate interviews for HBS. This allows her to target her questions based on what she discovers about you from your application. Personalized feedback. After each interview session, Devi will provide you with targeted feedback, talking you through her impressions and offering strategic advice for improving your HBS interview skills. Reflection period. You will have time between your interview sessions with Devi so that you can internalize the feedback and adjust accordingly before trying again. For more information and to secure your spot, please visit our HBS Intensive Interview Simulation page. Share ThisTweet Application Tips Business School Harvard University (Harvard Business School) Interviews Managing the MBA Interview

Essay Character Analysis of Okonkwo in Things Fall Apart

In the novel Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo is portrayed as a respected and determined individual whose fatal flaw eventually works against him. Throughout the novel the readers are shown that Okonkwo has many of these Characteristics because he is obsessed with the idea of becoming just like his father. This becomes his flaw in the novel that puts him into exile and makes it hard for him to adjust to the changes that were made with in his village. Okonkwo is portrayed as a respected individual in many ways. He was a well known person through out the 9 villages and beyond. His successes were based wholly on his personal achievements. For example, he was a warrior and wrestler who gained respect through his athletics. Manliness was a†¦show more content†¦He wanted to show that he was not like his father in any way. His father was a poor, lazy, man whom he didnt respect at all. Okonkwo gained respect through being a clansman. The clansmen were the law making body of the village, which everyone had obeyed. They enforced rules and laid down punishment. Determination is one of Okonkwos most outstanding characteristics. Because of his undying obsession to be unlike his father, Okonkwo is determined to be exactly what is father is not. Since childhood, Okonkwo has been ashamed of his father, because according to the clansmen Okonkwos father did not meet the standards that the men of that time should have met. Unoka, Okonkwos father, never had a real job/title. He didnt become a warrior because he hated the sight of blood, which according to their society made him a coward. He often borrowed money from the clan, and hardly repaid them the loan. However, he was not a complete waste of a person, he was talented in music and conversation, and was also thought to be a gentle person. As we see in the novel, Okonkwo was very much the opposite of his father. He had a job/title, he had a large family, he was a warrior, and he never needed to borrow excessive amounts of money from the clan. All of Unokas Characteristics, even the good ones, Okonkwo didnt want to possess them. It was his ignorance along with his flaw that led him to his ultimate fall. Okonkwos flaw eventually worked against him. When OkonkwoShow MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart: Okonkwo Character Analysis Essay856 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel Things Fall Apart, strength and pride are very important aspects of the main character, Okonkwo, however, these traits may sound like excellent traits to possess but because of the way he was raised, Okonkwo harbours many of his emotions under an outer shell of violence, strength and pride. His traits can be shown by looking at where he has come from in his life, for example, Okonkwo has acquired a large amount of wealth in his life because of his hard work and dedication which he alsoRead MoreWork1068 Words   |  5 Pages2013 Things Fall Apart: Character Analysis Research Paper In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the main character Okonkwo has only one tragic flaw; he has raised himself so that looking weak or effeminate is the worst thing to him that he could do. Okonkwo is a model clansman based on his success. However, he is more alienated from his culture based on his lack of respect for it. In this research paper, I’ll walk through a character analysis of Okonkwo. The protagonist of Things FallRead MoreThe Struggle Between Tradition and Change1056 Words   |  5 PagesENGL 2112 October 17, 2012 In Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timelessRead MoreAnalysis Of Feminism In Things Fall Apart1070 Words   |  5 Pages The analysis of feminist theory in Things Fall Apart presents reason for the sexism that is continuously portrayed. Sexism and problematic gender roles within the novel are repeatedly depicted throughout a number of scenes and characters. With this, we are able to see how sexism exists in various cultures and how the implementation of sexism is detrimental to society. Although, as feminist theory states, rebelling and challenging the patriarchal syste m is necessary to halt gender roles and sexualRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1719 Words   |  7 PagesThings fall apart is a classic novel written around the turn of the century, the novel focuses on the protagonist who we can also call a hero, Okonkwo. Okonkwo is a wealthy and respected leader within the Igbo tribe of Umuofia in eastern Nigeria. Strong individual with a passionate belief in all the values and traditions of his people. Chinua Achebe presents Okonkwo as a particular kind of tragic protagonist, a great man who carries the fate of his people. Okonkwo is a man who is inflexible andRead MoreThings Fall Apart Biblical Style Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesChinua Achebe in his novel, Things Fall Apart, writes in a way that Erich Auerbach would describe as biblical style. Biblical style involves suspense, biblical allusions, the ambiguity of purpose, and gaps leading to interpretation. Achebe uses this biblical style to focus on the downfall of Okonkwo, the m ain character. One passage that exemplifies this biblical style is in Part One with Okonkwo in the sacrifice of his adopted son, Ikemefuna. Okonkwo kills Ikemefuna out of fear of what the otherRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1308 Words   |  6 PagesIn Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the reader is taken on a literary journey to a Nigerian tribe, the Umuofia, to experience first-hand the struggles of a warrior named Okonkwo. At first glance, the novel appears to be written for a very specific audience: scholars familiar with Nigerian history, traditions, and culture. However, upon further examination the novel reveals itself to be a striking chronicle of human experiences, universal themes, and timeless struggles that appeal to every humanRead MoreCharacter Analysis Okonkwo705 Words   |  3 PagesThings Fall Apart- Okonkwo In the novel †Things Fall Apart,† by Chinua Achebe, Okonkwo is a character who shows the difficulty of staying true and saving his religion. Okonkwo is a very strong man. At times he may be very stubborn, like most men. With many occasions he is very impatient and struggles with controlling his anger. In the book, he is exiled for seven years. During those seven years missionaries come into the village and try to make all of the Ibo tribe convert into Christianity. SinceRead MoreCharacter Analysis Okonkwo862 Words   |  4 PagesThings Fall Apart Analysis Essay Rough Draft Some characters are like oil and water, exhibiting contrasting qualities and desires. This contrast stems from the contemptuous relationship these characters have, which drives a character’s actions and emotions. For example, in his novel, Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe describes Okonkwo’s contemptuous relationship with his father to show its effect on Okonkwo’s character and his actions. Achebe included Okonkwo’s relationship with Unoka to shape OkonkwoRead MoreEssay on Investigating Why the Book is Entitled Things Fall Apart1149 Words   |  5 PagesTitle Analysis of Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart I believe that the title Things Fall Apart refers to the fact that without proper balance, things do fall apart. The notion of balance in the novel is an important theme throughout the book. Beginning with the excerpt from Yeats poem, The Second Coming, the concept of balance is stressed as important; for without balance, order is lost. In the novel, there is a system of balance, which the Ibo culture seems to depend

Prisoners Receiving Transplants - 1631 Words

As the prison population in America grows in numbers and increases in age, questions and debates about the allocation of medical resources to prisoners will grow in urgency. One issue which arises every so often is whether convicted felons, especially those who are awaiting capital punishment, should receive the same level of medical care as others in society - including scarce donor organs for the purpose of transplantation. As is often the case, the debate over whether a death row inmate should receive an organ transplant is not a single controversy, but rather several rolled into one. Being able to address the larger question requires disentangling the smaller questions and examining each in turn. What role, if any, should a person s†¦show more content†¦This represents an important shift because it eliminates many of the potential problems and dangers inherent in assessing the social and moral worth of other human beings. There is a long-recognized legal principle that w hile people who are not members of a community may deserve certain basic rights and privileges, they do not necessarily deserve all of the rights and privileges accorded to members. Thus, non-members have rights to life, liberty, free speech, etc., but they do not have the right to vote. There is very little debate over whether this principle is valid in general, but there is quite a bit of debate over just what qualifies as basic, minimum rights and privileges which everyone should have, regardless of their membership or citizenship status. This is especially true when it comes to health care because there is such a wide range of possible treatments available to people. Should prisoners receive only the very minimum necessary to keep them comfortable? Should expensive diagnostic and treatment options be made available to them? Where exactly should the line be drawn? If a prisoner does receive a lower standard of medical treatment and is later found to be innocent, what sort of responsibility do the state and society bear if he now leaves prison sicker than when he entered? Most peopleShow MoreRelatedInmates and Organ Transplants: An Ethical Dilemma Essay864 Words   |  4 Pageswrong (Judson, Harrison, 2010). With that in mind, organ transplants for inmates has become a subject in which many people are asking questions as to whether it is morally right or wrong. In the ABC News article entitled Death-Row Inmates Seeks Organ Transplant by Bryan Robinson, the issue of a death-row prisoner in Oregon, by the name of Horacio Alberto Reyes-Camarena, receiving priority over a law-abiding citizen for a kidney transplant is being addressed. The state pays for Reyes-Camarena’sRead MoreOrgan Harvesting in China Essay1401 Words   |  6 Pagesthis caption under a photo he had taken to support his article. It was reported in the article how executed prisoners had become the primary source of body organ transplants. Still to this day in China, organs are being removed from the bodies of Falun prisoners without consent from anyone, to be used as donor organs for patients in need. The moment they find someone in need, the prisoners are immediately made victims. The process works something like this: In China, the hospital notifies you inRead MoreThe Global Problem of Harveting Organs1734 Words   |  7 Pages(Hongda.) In order to buy food impoverished families only choice may be to sell their organs (Callahan.) Those who are precipitants of organs coming from Inmates are taking huge health risk. Jeff Testerman, author of â€Å"Organs of Condemned sought for Transplant†, stated â€Å"The prison population is such a high-risk group, particularly for hepatitis and AIDS.† When someone receives an organ from a donor within a prison’s walls, they are not always assured of the health security of the prisoner’s organs ofRead MoreEssay about Organ Transplants for Prisoners1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the article â€Å"Wanted, Dead or Alive? Kidney Transplants in Inmates Awaiting Execution†, Jacob M. Appel argues that, despite the criminal justice system’s view that death-row inmates deserve to die, they should be given the same opportunity to extend their life as anyone else. â€Å"The United States Supreme Court has held since 1976 that prison inmates are entitled to the same medical treatment as the free public† (645). â€Å"When it comes to healthcare, ‘bad people’ are as equal as the rest of us† (646)Read MoreOrgan Donation Case Study Essay967 Words   |  4 Pagesare used to decide which patient should receive the transplant. The purpose of this paper is to not look at the personal history of the transplant candidate, but to evaluate the medical history provided to determine which recipient would have a higher quality of life upon receiving the organ transplant. There is a critical shortage of organ donations nationwide. Healthcare providers must strictly evaluate who should receive a heart transplant (Eisen, 2017). The goal of any organ transplantationRead MoreAssignment 2 Essay1008 Words   |  5 Pagesimpose on society. A utilitarian would argue that Roche was respecting the Chinese laws by first testing the drugs on Chinese patients. One could argue that prohibiting the research that Roche was performing could inhibit future Chinese patients from receiving a drug that could be necessary to sustain life. Roche’s Cell Cept had a beneficial plan for the Chinese society in creating a drug to help sustain life or fight the disease for their specific ethnicity. As a utilitarian, finding a resolution forRead MoreOrgan Donation Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pagesitself. Because our increased life span causes more people to require a replacement organ when theirs starts to fail, the demand has far outrun the supply and the future only lo oks to get worse. â€Å"Between the years 1988 and 2006 the number of transplants doubled, but the number of patients waiting for an organ grew six times as large.† (Orentlicher, 2009) Clearly our need for organs is growing much faster than what is available. So in an effort to catch up to demand, proposals that have surfacedRead MoreThe Punishment Of The United States1669 Words   |  7 Pagesare positive matches to anyone on the donor transplant list. Longo and many others want to give their organs to save lives, why are people telling them no, just because they are inmates. The receiver of the transplant and the inmate do not have to know each other, they don’t have to know anything about each other just that they are giving and organ and the other is receiving an organ to save their life. There is a scarcity of organ donors for transplants and as it continues to grow, alternative sourcesRead MoreThe Key to Solving The American Organ Allocation Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesJustin, a South Carolina college student, died at the age of 23 while on the waiting list for a lung transplant. When Justin was three months old he was diagnosed with cystic fibrosis, a disease which affects the lungs. Throughout his childhood he coped with his illness but at the age of 20 his health took a turn for the worst. Justin was on the waiting list for two years but no lungs came available in time. Organ allocation in the United States of America has become a heavily debated subject inRead MoreShould The United States Government Offer Incentives For1415 Words   |  6 Pagesdonate and receive organs in the U.S. People from other countries can travel to the United States to receive transplants and in most religions organ and tissue donation is believed to be an act of love and giving. Ma ny people believe that they will receive poor lifesaving efforts if they are an organ donor. In fact, the transplant team is not involved in lifesaving efforts whatsoever. The transplant team is not considered or contacted until the physician has deemed that he has exhausted all possible efforts

Should Gay Marriage Be Legalized - 727 Words

Everyone, regardless of gender orientation or sexual preference deserves equal rights, such as marriage, feeling comfortable with whom they are, and being treated like any other human being. Right now gay marriage is a hot topic in many states, however, what say should the government get in who you love and want to marry? Beyond a court room, research has been done on the idea of transgenderism and what causes people to be like that or if people are truly born in the wrong body. The people who are considered â€Å"abnormal† in society actually proactively protest for equal rights for themselves. Truly though, they are still human and should not have to fight to get married or be lab rats in a scientific study. Gay marriage has come into a spot light in the past few years. Currently only 17 of the 50 states allow same-sex marriage in the United States (ProConorg Headlines). 33 states still have a ban on same sex marriage within state limits (NCSL). Massachusetts is currently on e of the states that allow marriage between 2 people of the same gender (Law Libraries). A poll taken in Massachusetts stated that 85% of people said that it had positive or no impact (NBC News Digital). This means that 2 people of the same gender who get married really has no effect on the public in a whole, which means that the government should not be making a big deal of something that has such a little impact on the public. In the Loving versus VirginiaShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legalized938 Words   |  4 Pages Gay marriage is in fact a controversial topic that many people feel strongly about. I believe that gay marriage should be legalized without being penalized by people who disagree with it. I will, within reason, explain to you why gay marriage should be legalized and argue against Karlee’s essay about why gay marriage shouldn’t be legalized. The first thing Karlee talks about in her opposing essay is, â€Å"Children of same-sex couples, biological or not, need both a mother and a father inRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?1313 Words   |  6 PagesCredit – Should gay marriage be legalized? Marriage is considered to be the rite of passage from an religious point of view, it is considered as holy matrimony before the eyes of God. Attraction between individuals of the same sex has been a topic of debate. However, over the past few years gay individuals made a decision to our grievances of oppression despite receiving tremendous critics from the public. Initially, gay marriagesRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?935 Words   |  4 PagesThere is a lot of controversy about gay marriage and whether or not it should be legalized in certain states that haven t yet legalized it. My opinion on this topic is that it should not be legalized for various reasons. My reasons on this have nothing to do with religion because religion shouldn’t have anything to do with their opinion; religion is a biased opinion because of its authenticity. Another thing that shouldn’t be considered is their opinio n that doesn’t have a reasoning behind it likeRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?1705 Words   |  7 PagesPaper Option 1 Gay marriage has and still is a huge controversy in the United States. I will say though that the U.S. has come along way when it comes to same-sex marriage. As of November 20, 2014 gay marriage is now legal in thirty-five of the fifty U.S. states. Massachusetts was the first state to legalize same-sex marriage in May of two thousand and four. As of October ninth two-thousand and fourteen, only sixteen out of one hundred and ninety-four countries allow same sex marriage. By those oddsRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legalized1379 Words   |  6 PagesName: Tutor: Course: Date: Gay Marriages Marriage is considered as hypothetically speaking, a rite of passage whilst from the religious point of view, it is considered as holy matrimony before a supreme being. Attraction between individuals of the same sex has been a topic of debate since time immemorial. However, over the past few years gay individuals have opted to air grievances of oppression despite receiving tremendous critics from the public. Initially, gay marriages were unfathomable eventsRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized? Essay1828 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction What does it mean to be gay and why does society discriminate against those who are deemed to be gay? This paper establishes that being gay is primarily based on the supposition that one is either homosexual, transgender, lesbian, or bisexual. It also establishes that one of the primary reasons why gays are discriminated against within the society is religion; that some of the views held by different religious conclaves substantiate gay rejection by the society. On a more personal ratherRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legalized1280 Words   |  5 Pagescommunity and abides by the law should be afforded the rights of an American. However, not all citizens are afforded equal rights. Gay and lesbians are consistently denied rights that are typically taken for granted by the average American. Specifically, gay and lesbians couples are denied the right to marry even if they are upstanding citizens. They are held at an unfair disadvantage solely because of their sexual orientation. This discrimination must stop because gay and lesbian couples are law-abidingRead More Should gay marriages be legalized? Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pages Should same sex marriages be legal? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Same-sex marriages have been very controversial since becoming an issue in Canada regarding the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Several people state that same-sex marriages should be legal, while others disagree, saying it should not be permitted. There have been many debates and inquiries about this issue for several years; the MP’s and Parliament will finally settle the problem within the next year or so. Many are in favourRead More Gay Marriage Should be Legalized Essays1696 Words   |  7 Pages There are numerous opinions and standing views on gay marriage. The argument regarding gay marriage should be legalized or not is extremely controversial. According to an article from the Human Rights Campaign, there is nothing wrong with allowing homosexuals to have the same rights as those who are heterosexual. Every individual person should be granted equal rights, regardless of sexuality. Gay marriage should be legalized in all states and coun tries, it has been held off for too long. MoreoverRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized? Essay464 Words   |  2 PagesMarriage is defined as the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life. In the definition it says couple, with out indication of gender. In our society gay marriage is a hot topic. Previously legalizing gay marriage was out of the question, but as times has changed and more liberal politicians have gained office to reflect the views of today’s society. One of the reasons that LGBT people fight for the right to marry because married couples receive more protections and advantages in

The Capital Structure of Entity

Question: Write an essay onThe capital structure of an entity . Answer: Introduction The capital structure of an entity presents how the entity finances its operations with the help of different sources of funds. The financial structure of an entity is the balance between all the liabilities and equity. It is the mix of long term and short term sources of funds used by a firm. It is the mix of debt and equity funds of an enterprise. It is important for an entity to have an optimal debt equity balance which generates the maximum value for the firm. The optimal debt equity mix should be such that the cost of capital for the entity is the least. The financial structure of the firm is very important, as the whole of the operations of the company is dependent on its finance (Vanderbeck, 2013). Healthy finance gives healthy and smooth functioning activities. Equity The equity capital represents the difference between value of assets and cost of liabilities. As per company accounts equity refers to shareholders equity. Equity is the cheapest source of finance. A negative equity is called as shareholders deficit. The equity shareholders of a company are the shareholders of the company who invest in the company by buying the equity shares of that company in anticipation of earning dividends. When a company is formed it needs capital in order to operate its business, so the company raises capital by issuing equity (Needles Powers, 2013). The shareholders subscribe to the share of the company and then the shares are allotted. Now, this becomes the permanent capital of the company which needs not be refunded. Only at the time of liquidation after payment of all the liabilities if any amount is left is distributed among the shareholders proportionately. The equity fund is dedicated wholly for the operations of the entity. The value creation of the shares is a source of investment appraisal for the equity shareholders. The best part of equity fund is that is has no associates costs unlike debt funds. The option to pay dividend is in the hands of the company (Vanderbeck, 2013). Even if the company earns sufficient profits the company is not obligated to pay dividends because the investors totally understand that the funds are really important for the growth of a company. Also the equity funds help to maintain the leverage of the company (Needles Powers, 2013). There is no obligation on the part of the company to pay back the funds. But the main drawbacks of equity financing is that, raising equity as a source of finance is demanding, costly and a time consuming method. It may require a lot of attention of the management. In order to raise equity, the company needs to have comprehensive check on its background and past performance, this if very often required by the potential investors. The company has to spend a lot of resources and time on this irrespective of the fact if it manages to raise any fund or not. Also there are a lot of legal and regulatory norms which are to be taken care of before raising funds through equity (William, 2010). Therefore, we see that equity as a source of finance is one of the best ways to raise capital for a business. It has a lot of advantages and one of the cheapest sources of finance. The only problem which lies is the issues related to its procurement. The company needs to build up an image and keep up progressive work if it desires to keep the business funded by equity. Overall, equity represents the own funds of a company. Debt The debt portion of the capital of a company represents the cash borrowed by the company at a fixed rate of interest with a fixed date or intervals to repay it. Debt may be represented by a loan or sale of debentures, the form will not change the nature of the debt. The lender always has the right to get back his money he lends along with the interest or as the agreement specifies (Needles Powers, 2013). Lending to a company to a company in theoretical terms is safer than in practical world. Investment through debt from lender point of view is more risky and it also provides higher awards. The performance of the company is the whole basis for procurement of loan. If the company has a good asset base with continuous profits then they can easily procure loans from the market. The main advantages of debt financing include no participation of outsiders in the business. When a company raises fund through a loan, the lender will not be there to tell the management on how to use the funds, it be the wholly decision of the management. Once the loan is repaid, the relationship with lender comes to an end unlike equity funding. Another advantage of debt financing is tax savings (Needles Powers, 2013). The interest paid in connection with loan is tax deductible and helps the companies to reduce its tax burden. Also when a company has taken loan it knows from before at what time and intervals is it required to pay interest along with exact numbers. This way the company can prepare its budget and check for availability of funds accordingly. The disadvantages of debt financing is that the companies need to have a good credit rating in order to procure loan, else it would the terms and conditions of loan shall be very harsh on the company. The company will have to maintain a series of smooth cash flow so that it is always has availability of funds to pay back loan instalments and interest amounts. If the lender would require collateral in connection to a loan provided by him, then this can bring the assets of the company at risk. So in order to decide if to or not to use debts as a financing tool the management needs to answer a few questions. It needs to check if it wants to have full control over the business of the company. Also, it needs to know it can pay back the loan timely and efficiently and if it would be comfortable in doing so. The company needs to check its credit worthiness before taking a loan and also it the worthiness is enough to get the company the desired amount of debt (Horngren, 2013). The management of the company needs to check it has sufficient assets to provide as collateral for the loan. Comparison of Debt and Equity of two companies For the assessment we have chosen two biggest retails which are listed on the London stock exchange, the first is Kingfisher Plc which has a market cap of 7237.25 million and the other is Next Plc which has a market cap of 7368.98 million. We have calculated few liquidity ratios for both the companies for better understanding and comparability. Debt Equity Ratio: the D/E ratio is a finance ratio which helps the entity to measure its financial leverage. It helps the company to calculate what part of its capital is financed by debt and what by equity (Horngren, 2013). Debt Ratio: the debt ratio helps the companies to calculate what part of the companys assets is financed by debt or outside funds (Needles, 2011). Equity Ratio: the equity ratio helps the companies to calculate what part of the companys asses is financed by equity or own funds (Horngren, 2013). Interest Coverage ratio: this ratio helps the investor to calculate the companys ability to meet the interest payments as they fall due. Earnings per share: this ratio helps the investor to calculate profit earned on each share of the company. Analysis of Debt and Equity of Kingfisher Plc Kingfisher Plc is the largest home improvement retailers of Europe and the third largest in world. It has its headquarters situated in London. It has around 1176 stores in across 11 countries all over the world (Kingfisher Plc, 2015). Following are the equity, debt and asset components of the company for last five years: 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Total Debt 3508 3474 3503 3741 3906 Total Equity 6186 6239 6317 6156 5727 Total Assets 9,694 9,713 9,820 9,897 9,633 We see that the company has over the period of five years tries to maintain is debt is to equity ratio of near about 0.5 to 0.7. This shows that the company is properly leveraged and there are no major variances in the financing of the company. The capital structure of the company is consistent and is healthy. Analysis of Debt and Equity of Next Plc Next Plc is another one of the largest clothing, footwear and home products retailers with about 700 stores. It is the largest clothing retailer of England, having left behind Marks and Spencer in the year 2012 and 2014 (Next Plc Ltd, 2015). Following are the equity, debt and asset components of the company for last five years: 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Total Debt 2,018.30 1,960.40 1,858.40 1,608.00 1,631.50 Total Equity 311.80 321.90 286.20 285.60 222.70 Total Assets 2,330.10 2,282.30 2,144.60 1,893.60 1,854.20 We see that the capital structure of Next Plc is not very balanced. The proportion of debt as compared to equity is very high. This indicates that most of the operations and assets of the company are financed by loan funds (Lanen, 2008). The company is under huge obligation and it needs to take measures to improve its equity capital base. Comparison of the ratios of two companies Debt Equity Ratio Debt Equity Ratio 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.61 0.68 Next Plc 6.47 6.09 6.49 5.63 7.33 The healthy debt to equity ratio lies within 0.5 to 2 depending on the industry in which the company operates. We see that Debt equity ratio of Kingfisher Plc is normal whereas that of Next Plc has crossed the threshold of 2. It is a bad sign for the company and the management of Next Plc needs to take some measures in order to correct it. Debt Ratio Debt Ratio 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.38 0.41 Next Plc 0.87 0.86 0.87 0.85 0.88 Debt ratios of 0.4 or lower are considered well whereas ratio of 0.6 or more is not considered healthy. The debt ratio of kingfisher Plc has maintained over the period of 4 years and is below 0.4. But the debt ratio of Next Plc is very high and is not appropriate. It represents high leverage which can bring the company at stake (Horngren, 2013). Equity Ratio Equity Ratio 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.62 0.59 Next Plc 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.15 0.12 The equity ratio of 0.6 and higher is considered good and ratio of 0.4 and below represents financial instability for the company. Kingfisher Plc has maintained its equity ratio around 0.6 over the period of five years. But the equity ratio of Next Plc is not appropriate. This represents that the company is mostly financed by loan funds. Interest Coverage Ratio Interest coverage Ratio 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 24.27 50.54 64.25 37.37 26.71 Next Plc 26.44 25.45 24.54 22.97 19.82 Higher the interest coverage ratio better it is for the company. We see that the interest coverage ratio of Kingfisher Plc is not very stable but still at a better position than next Plc. The level of interest coverage ratio for Next Plc has maintained a steady form, but still the company needs to improve its performance, Earnings Per Share Earnings Per Share 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Kingfisher Plc 17.77 24.19 29.76 23.77 26.95 Next Plc 442.57 419.62 366.12 297.80 282.01 The earnings per share dont determine the performance of the company; it is the wealth maximization on which the company should focus. We see that EPS level of Kingfisher is very low as compared to Next Plc, this is so because of the debt equity ratio. The capital structure of Kingfisher has a higher proportion of Equity as compared to Next plc. Having more debt in capital structure creates a lot of burden on the company. Recommendation From the above calculations and graphs it is very clear that the capital structure of Kingfisher Plc is healthy and needs no changes, whereas the capital structure of Next Plc is very inappropriate and is highly levered. The capital structure of Next Plc requires immediate attention. The liquidity of the company will be at stake if the company continues to use this proportion of loan funds from outsiders. Even though Next Plc is the largest cloth retailers with highest revenue; the liquidity of the company if not proper can result in tremendous losses to the company (Albrecht et. al, 2011). Conclusion Equity and debt plays a vital role in shaping the destiny of the company and a comprehensive evaluation of the company considering these two provides a clear-cut picture. In the above report too, the comparison is done between Kingfisher Plc and Next Plc with the help of equity and debt. Therefore we see that proper generation of operating revenues is not the only feature which determines the financial position of the company. The capital structure of the company plays a very important role in determining the financial status of the company (Shim Siegel, 2009). References Albrecht, W., Stice, E. Stice, J 2011, Financial accounting, Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western. Horngren, C 2013, Financial accounting, Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia Group. Kingfisher Plc 2015, Kingfisher Plc Annual Report and accounts, viewed 8 July 2016, https://www.kingfisher.com/index.asp?pageid=61 Lanen, W. N., Anderson, S Maher, M. W 2008, Fundamentals of cost accounting, NY: Hang Loose press. Needles, B. E. Powers, M 2013, Principles of Financial Accounting. Financial Needles, S. C 2011, Managerial Accounting, Nason, USA: South Western Cengage Learning. Next Plc Ltd 2015, Next Plc Ltd. Annual Report and accounts 2015., viewed 8 July 2016, https://www.nextplc.co.uk/~/media/Files/N/Next-PLC-V2/documents/reports-and-presentations/2014/next-annual-report-2015-final-web.pdf. Shim, J.K Siegel, J.G 2009, Modern Cost Management and Analysis, Barron's Education Series Vanderbeck, E. J 2013, Principles of Cost Accounting, Oxford university press William, L 2010, Practical Financial Management, South-Western College.